Paroxetine

Paroxetine (HCl) is antidepressant and belongs to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Paroxetine (HCl) is used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorders and panic disorders. Paroxetine (HCl) is a phenylpiperidine derivative that is prepared by chemical synthesis. Paroxetine (HCl) is optically active and the (-) nantiomer is used clinically. Paroxetine (HCl) is not available in any combination preparations. Paroxetine (HCl) is administered orally.


Adult Dose
Dose: 20 mg
Single Dose: 20 (20)
Frequency: 24 hourly
Route: PO
Instructions:
Neonatal
Dose:
Single Dose:
Frequency:
Route:
Instructions: Not recommended in this age group
Paedriatic
Dose:
Single Dose:
Frequency:
Route:
Instructions: Not recommended in this age group
Characteristics
Paroxetine (HCl), Paroxetine (HCl) are the derivatives of Paroxetine. It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Phenyl Piperidine. It belongs to Psychotherapeutic Drugs and Antidepressant pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Paroxetine is 365.80. Its pKa is 9.9.
Contraindications
Paroxetine is contraindicated in conditions like Epilepsy,Heart failure,Mania,Hypersensitivity,Seizures.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Paroxetine, which give rise to further complications include Convulsions, Urticaria, Glaucoma, Impotence, Angioedema, Extrapyramidal symptoms, Myopathy, Mania, Tremors, Oro-facial dystonia, Galactorrhea.The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Paroxetine include Tachycardia, Coma, Dry mouth, Fever, Dilated pupils, Sweating, Irritability, Tremor, Nausea & vomiting, Somnolence, BP changes, Involuntary muscle contraction.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Paroxetine are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Flatulence, Weakness, Dizziness, Headache, Nausea, Vomiting, Anorexia, Diarrhea, Anxiety, Palpitation, Constipation, Insomnia, Nervousness, Sweating, Blurred vision, Urinary retensionX, Rashes, Confusion, Jaundice, Hallucination, Hypotension, Diaphoresis, Postural hypotension, Elevation of liver enzymes, Thrombocytopenia, SomnolenceX, Decrease in libido, Agitation, Taste disturbances, Ejaculatory failure, Increased intracranial pressure, Vasodilation, Dreams abnormality, Yawning, Xerostomia, Ejaculatory disturbances, Hyponatremia, Skin bleeding, Mucous membrane bleeding, Suicidal attempts, Myoclonus, Hyperreflexia.
Indications
Paroxetine is primarily indicated in conditions like Acute dystonia, Depression, Depression accompanied by anxiety, Depressive illness and post-traumatic stress disorder, Monotherapy (epilepsy), Obsessive-compulsive disorders, Panic disorders, Post traumatic stress disorder, Social phobia.
Interactions
Paroxetine is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementAlcoholBuspirone (HCl)CarbamazepineThese drugs act synergistically result in depression of central nervous system and respiratory system.ModerateClosely monitor for CNS and respiratory depression.Cimetidine (HCl)Cimetidine inhibit first pass metabolism thus increases plasma concentration of paroxetine. ModerateMonitor prolong pharmacological effects of paroxetine when administered with cimetidine.ClozapineParoxetin inhibit the hepatic metabolism of clozapine thus reduces its serum level result in increased toxicity.ModerateClosely monitor the patient for altered efficacy and safety. Adjust dose if necessary.CodeineDextromethorphanDigoxinEncainide (HCl)Fenfluramine (HCl)Flecainide (Acetate)FurazolidoneHaloperidoliloperidonecan inhibit iloperidone elimination and cause increased blood levelsIloperidone doses should be reduced by one-halfIsoniazidLithiumMethylamphetamineSeveral case reports suggest that patients treated with serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) may exhibit an increased sensitivity to sympathomimetic agents. The mechanism of interaction is unclear. The reaction has been reported when fluoxetine was used concomitantly with phentermine, amphetamine, or phenylpropanolamine. Additionally, some sympathomimetic agents (e.g., amphetamines) may possess serotonergic activity and should generally not be administered with SRIs because of the additive risk of serotonin syndrome, which is a rare but serious and potentially fatal condition thought to result from hyperstimulation of brainstem 5-HT1A receptors.MajorNaratriptanConcurrent use is not recommended, but dosages should be adjusted if concurrent use is required.PhenelzinePhenytoin (Na)PrimidoneProcarbazineProcyclidine (HCl)Propafenone (HCl)Propranolol (HCl)QuinidineRanolazineCoadministration with ranolazine may increase the plasma concentrations of drugs that are substrates of the CYP450 2D6 isoenzyme. Ranolazine has been shown in vitro to be an inhibitor of CYP450 2D6. However, concomitant use of ranolazine with other drugs that are metabolized by CYP450 2D6 such as tricyclic antidepressants and antipsychotics has not been studied.Caution is advised if ranolazine must be used concurrently with medications that undergo metabolism by CYP450 2D6, particularly those with a narrow therapeutic range. Dosage adjustments as well as clinical and laboratory monitoring may be appropriate for some drugs whenever ranolazine is added to or withdrawn from therapy.Selegiline (HCl)Selegiline potentiate the pharmacological activity of paroxetine thus increases the risk of serotonin syndrome.MajorCombination should be avoided. Start treatment with paroxetin after atleast 14 days of discontinuing selegiline.SumatriptanThis combination may potentiate the risk of serotnin syndrome.MajorConcomitant use should be avoidede.Tamsulosin HydrochlorideTamsulosin Hydrochloride should be used with caution in combination with Paroxetine.Thioridazine (HCl)aroxetine increases the plasma concentration of thioridazine.result in increasedtoxicity such as ventricular arrythmia, ventricular tachycardia, torsade depointes, cardiac arrest and sudden death.MajorCombination is considered contraindicated.TryptophanVortioxetineincreases the toxicity of vortioxetineuse alternative or reduce dose of vortixetineWarfarin (Na)Paroxetin enhanced the risk of bleeding of warfarin by inhibiting release of serotonin from platelets which play an important role in hemostasis.ModerateClosely monitor the hemotological complication. Patient should report the signs of bleeding to physician.Warfarin (Na) These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Risks
Drug should not be given to Paediatrics, Pregnant Mothers, Cardiac / Hypertensive Patients, patients suffering from Kidney dysfunction, patients suffering from Liver Malfunction, Geriatrics, and Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Tab Store Below 40°C. Protect from Sunlight and Heat.
Warnings
Paroxetine should be used only if clearly needed during pregnancy or lactation. It should be used with caution in patients with pre-existing kidney disease, liver disease, seizure disorder, thyroid disease, history of substance abuse or if have any allergy, in patients with a history of mania, to patients receiving oral anticoaagulants, in cardiac patients, in epilepsy, narrow angle glaucoma, patients already receiving neuroleptics, patients treating with drugs that give an increase risk of bleeding and in patients with a known tendency for bleeding or those with predisposing conditions.
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