Paclitaxel

Paclitaxel is anticancer/antineoplastic agent. Paclitaxel is a complex diterpene alkaloid derived from the bark of the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia and the European yew (Taxus baccata). Paclitaxel is effective in the treatment of advanced ovarian resistant to cisplatin-based chemotherapy, in metastatic breast cancer resistant to anthracycline therapy and lung cancer in combination with Cisplatin . Severe adverse effects include bone marrow supression, peripheral neuropathy. Paclitaxel is administered intravenously.


Adult Dose
Dose: 175 mg/sq.meter
Single Dose: 320 (321)
Frequency: As recommended.
Route: IV Inf
Instructions: Over 3 hrs., repeated every 3 weeks
Neonatal
Dose:
Single Dose:
Frequency:
Route:
Instructions: Not recommended in this age group
Paedriatic
Dose:
Single Dose:
Frequency:
Route:
Instructions: Not recommended in this age group
Characteristics
belongs to Benzoyl Amino Lactic Acid. It belongs to Antineoplastic Agent, Plant Derivative pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Paclitaxel is 853.90.
Contraindications
Paclitaxel is contraindicated in conditions like Neutropenia.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Paclitaxel, which give rise to further complications include Cardiac arrhythmias, Anemia, Bradycardia, AV-block, Neutropenia, Bone marrow depression.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Paclitaxel are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Mucositis, Myalgia, Hypotension, Arthralgia, Thrombocytopenia, UTI, Paresthesias, Blood infection, Respiratory tract infections.
Indications
Paclitaxel is primarily indicated in conditions like Breast cancer, Ovarian cancer, Primary ovarian cancer.
Interactions
Paclitaxel is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementCisplatinDoxorubicin (HCl)FluorouracilKetoconazolePodophyllumThe risk of peripheral neuropathy may be increased during concurrent use of two or more agents that are associated with this adverse effect. In some cases, the neuropathy may progress or become irreversible despite discontinuation of the medications.ModerateCaution is advised during concomitant use of agents with neurotoxic effects. Patients should be monitored closely for symptoms of neuropathy such as burning, tingling, pain, or numbness in the hands and feet. Since the development of peripheral neuropathy may be dose-related for many drugs, the recommended dosages should generally not be exceeded.Rotavirus vaccineThe administration of live, attenuated virus or bacterial vaccines during immunosuppressant or intense antineoplastic therapy may be associated with a risk of disseminated infection due to enhanced replication of vaccine virus or bacteria in the presence of diminished immune competence. Patients may be immunosuppressed if they have recently received Paclitaxel.MajorIn general, live virus or bacterial vaccines should not be used in patients receiving Paclitaxel.Strontium-89 ChlorideThe concomitant use of bone marrow depressants and strontium-89 chloride may have additive myelosuppressive effects. ModeratePatients should be monitored for excessive bone marrow suppression during treatment with strontium-89 chloride. Dose reductions of the other bone marrow depressants may be necessary.TrastuzumabVORICONAZOLEVoriconazole may increase the serum concentration of paclitaxel by decreasing its metabolism. Monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Risks
Drug should not be given to Pregnant Mothers.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Inj Store in refrigerator.
Warnings
Paclitaxel should not be used during pregnancy or lactation. It should be used with caution in patients with any pre-existing heart disease, liver disease, bone marrow disorders, history of allergic reaction or if have any allergy.
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