Olanzapine

'Olanzapine is atypical antipsychotic agent similar in chemical structure and in mechanism of action to clozapine. The development of it was based on the atypical profile of clozapine which suggests that the antipsychotic effects are due to clozapine''s interaction at a number of different receptors rather than at a single receptor type. Like clozapine, it binds to , dopamine, histamine (H-1), muscarinic, and serotonin type- 2 (5-HTÁ) receptors. It has a reduced incidence of extrapyramidal reactions and appears to have a low potential for drug interactions. Clinically, it may be effective for both negative and positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Final FDA approval was granted October 1, 1996 for the treatment of schizophrenia.'


Adult Dose
Dose: 5 to 10 mg
Single Dose: 7.5 (7.5)
Frequency: 24 hourly
Route: PO
Instructions: Maximum dose 20 mg.
Neonatal
Dose:
Single Dose:
Frequency:
Route:
Instructions: Not recommended in this age group
Paedriatic
Dose:
Single Dose:
Frequency:
Route:
Instructions: Not recommended in this age group
Characteristics
Olanzapine Citrate is the derivative of Olanzapine. It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Benzodiazepines. It belongs to Psychotherapeutic Drugs pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Olanzapine is 312.40.
Contraindications
Olanzapine is contraindicated in conditions like Narrow-angle glaucoma.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Olanzapine, which give rise to further complications include Seizures, Extrapyramidal syndrome.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Olanzapine are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Dizziness, Constipation, Dry mouth, Peripheral edema, Weight gain, SomnolenceX, Increased appetite, Orthostatic hypotension, Dry mouth, dizziness.
Indications
Olanzapine is primarily indicated in conditions like Nausea and vomiting, Psychosis, Schizophrenia, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Mania.
Interactions
Olanzapine is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementAcrosoxacinAlcoholAluminium Hydroxide and OxideApomorphineEffects of apomorphine antagonized by antipsychotics (e.g Olanzapine).GuanethidineInsulin Lispro ProtamineIpriflavoneMetoclopramide (HCl)PioglitazonePiribedilOlanzapine reduce the effect of piribedil. These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Fasting blood glucose testing
Risks
If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Tab Store Between 20°C-25°C. Protect from Sunlight and Moisture.
Warnings
Olanzepine should be used with caution in patients with liver or heart disease, low blood pressure, breast cancer, stroke, diabetes, seizures (any neurological problems), prostate problems, narrow angle glaucoma, intestinal disease or any allergy. Caution is advised to avoid overheating and also excessive body water loss by very strenuous exercise or exposure to extreme heat. Alcohol use may add to the dizziness and drowsiness effect of this drug. It should be used with caution in the elderly. It should be used only when clearly needed during pregnancy.
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