Nitroglycerin

Nitroglycerin is an organic nitrate, first synthesized in 1846, but not recognized to have antianginal effects until 1879. Chemically Nitroglycerin is 1, 2, 3-propanetriol trinitrate. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator, available in many dosage forms, proven to be the mainstay of therapy in the management of angina pectoris. Nitroglycerin is also used to control perioperative hypertension, to produce controlled hypotension during surgical procedures, to treat hypertensive emergencies, and to treat congestive heart failure associated with myocardial infarction. The use of sublingual nitroglycerin for the relief of acute anginal attacks was established in 1879. Because Nitroglycerin is inexpensive, has a rapid onset of action, and has a well-documented efficacy, sublingual nitroglycerin is still considered the drug of choice for the acute relief of angina. Nitroglycerin was granted FDA approval in 1938.

Brands
NITROGLYCERIN SOLUTION FOR NITROGLYCERIN SOLUTION FOR
Adult Dose
Dose: 2.6 to 6.4 mg
Single Dose: 4.5 (4.5)
Frequency: 8 hourly
Route: PO
Instructions:
Neonatal
Paedriatic
Dose: 0.25 to 0.5 ug/kg.min
Single Dose: 0.38 (0.375)
Frequency: As recommended.
Route: IV Infusion
Instructions: Initially, As Required
Characteristics
belongs to Organonaitrates. It belongs to Vasodilators pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Nitroglycerin is 227.09.
Contraindications
Nitroglycerin is contraindicated in conditions like Myocardial infarction,Increase intracranial pressure,Hypersensitivity to any component of product.
Effects
The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Nitroglycerin are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Dizziness, Headache, Nausea, Vomiting, Restlessness, Palpitation, Skin rashes, Dry mouth, Blurred vision, Flushing, Contact dermatitis, Local irritation, Dry mouth, Skin rashes, dizziness, Contact dermatitis.
Indications
Nitroglycerin is primarily indicated in conditions like Angina pectoris, Heart failure, Myocardial infarction (non st-segment elevation).
Interactions
Nitroglycerin is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementAlcoholAlcohol may intensify the blood pressure lowering effect of nitroglycerin and result in collapsePatients receiving nitroglycerin should be advised to drink alcoholic beverages with caution.Amitriptyline (HCl)simultaneous use may cause orthostatic hypotension Amlodipine (Besylate)simultaneous use of nitroglycerin and ca channel blockers may cause orthostatic hypotension Chlorpromazine (HCl)simultaneous use of nitroglycerin and phenothizines may cause orthostatic hypotension Dihydroergotamine (Mesylate)oral nitroglycerin enhance bioavailability of dihydroegotamineEphedrineEphedrine oppose the vasodilatory actions of nitroglycerin and may cause angina. ImidaprilImipramine (HCl)delayed dissolution of glyceryl trinitrate tablets due to dry mouth in patients taking imipramine and atropien. Propranolol (HCl)simultaneous use of nitroglycerin and ca channel blockers may cause orthostatic hypotension Pseudoephedrine (HCl)Pseudoephedrine (HCl) oppose the vasodilatory actions of nitroglycerin and may cause angina. SildenafilSildenafil may exaggerate the blood pressure lowering effects of nitroglycerin and may cause excessive blood pressure reduction.Patients taking nitrates should not receive sildenafil.SumatriptanSumatriptancan oppose the vasodilatory actions of nitroglycerin and may cause angina. TadalafilTadalafil may exaggerate the blood pressure lowering effects of nitroglycerin and may cause excessive blood pressure reduction.Patients taking nitrates should not receive Tadalafil. These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Zlatkis-Zac reaction used in the measurement of serum cholesterol concentrations
Risks
Drug should not be given to Pregnant Mothers.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Store Below -15°C. Protect from Sunlight.
Warnings
Before using this medication tell your doctor your medical history especially of: heart problems, head injury or surgery, glaucoma, thyroid conditions, anemia, alcohol usage, allergies (especially allergies to drugs or adhesives). Use caution engaging in activities that require alertness or in operating machinery if this medication makes you dizzy or drowsy. Alcoholic beverages may increase the risk of fainting or of experiencing dizziness. This medication should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor. It is not known if this drug is excreted into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.
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