Cefazolin

Cefazolin is a first generation semisynthetic analogue of natural cephalosporin C antibiotic. Cephalosporins are derivatives of 7-aminocephalosporic acid and are closely related to penicillins in structure. Cephalosporins have a six membered sulfur containing ring adjoining a β lactam ring. Cefazolin is very active against wide range of gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Cefazolin is used in the treatment of a variety of infections such as biliary tract infections, endocarditis and peritonitis. Antibiotics require constant drug level in body for therapeutic effect.This is achieved by taking the medication at regular interval of time throughout the day and night as prescribed. Cefazolin is important to take the drug for the full time period as prescribed. If you discontinue the therapy, it may result in ineffective treatment.


Adult Dose
Dose: 500 to 2000 mg
Single Dose: 1200 (1250)
Frequency: 8 hourly
Route: IV,IM
Instructions: Max.Dose 12 g/day
Neonatal
Dose: 16.66 to 33.33 mg/kg
Single Dose: 25 (24.995)
Frequency: 8 hourly
Route: Intra Muscular
Instructions: -
Paedriatic
Dose: 16.66 to 33.33 mg/kg
Single Dose: 25 (24.995)
Frequency: 8 hourly
Route: Intra Muscular
Instructions: -
Characteristics
Cefazolin Sodium is the derivative of Cefazolin. It is of Semi Synthetic origin and belongs to Cephem Carboxylic Acid. It belongs to Peptidoglycan synthesis inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antibiotic, Cephalosporin pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Cefazolin is 454.50. Its pKa is 2.1.
Contraindications
Cefazolin is contraindicated in conditions like Hypersensitivity.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Cefazolin, which give rise to further complications include Pseudomembranous colitis, Gi bleeding, Hemolytic anemia, Candidiasis superinfections, Bone marrow depression.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Cefazolin are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Anorexia, Diarrhea, Fever, Chills, Pruritus, Glossitis, Paresthesias.
Indications
Cefazolin is primarily indicated in conditions like Arrhythmias after myocardial infarction, Biliary tract infections, Bone and joint infection, Endocarditis, Genitourinary tract infections, Persistant neutropenia in advanced hiv infection, Prostatitis, Respiratory tract infections, Septicaemia, Skin infections, Surgical prophylaxis, Urinary tract infection, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Surgical infections.
Interactions
Cefazolin is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementAlcoholArbekacinEthacrynic AcidFrusemide or FurosemideProbenecidWarfarin (Na)Cefazolin may enhance the anticoagulant effect of Warfarin.ModerateMonitor for increased evidence of bleeding if Cefazolin is used concomitant with Warfarin. Cephalosporins that have an NMTT side chain in their chemical structure may pose the greater risk of interaction. These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Risks
Drug should not be given to Pregnant Mothers, patients suffering from Kidney dysfunction, and Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Dry Powder for Inj Store Below 40°C. Protect from Moisture. Frozen Slon for Inj Store Below -20°C. Inj (reconstituted soln) Store at room temperature or refrigerator. Use within 96 hrs if refrigerated and within 24 hrs if kept at room temperature. Thawed Store at room temperature or refrigerator. Do not Freeze. Use within 10 days if refrigerated and within 48 hrs if kept at room temperature.
Warnings
Cefazolin should be used with caution in patients with impaired kidney or liver function. Appropriate measure should be taken if secondary infection occurs. It should be used with caution (if contain tartrazine) in patients with aspirin hypersensitivity, because it may cause allergic reactions (including bronchial asthma).
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