Sulphasalazine

Sulphasalazine is a prodrug used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. The drug is a combination of sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicylic acid (mesalamine). Sulfasalazine is cleaved to these active components by bacteria in the colon. The subsequent local actions of mesalamine are believed to be responsible for the effectiveness of sulfasalazine in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Mesalamine is also commercially available in oral and rectal preparations. Even though mesalamine is a metabolite of sulfasalazine, mesalamine blood levels are lower when administered as sulfasalazine. Side effects may be minimized by administering mesalamine as sulfasalazine. Sulfasalazine was approved by the FDA in 1950.

Brands
SALAZODINE SALAZOPYRIN SULFASAL SALAZINE SULFINE
Adult Dose
Dose: 2 g
Single Dose: 2 (2)
Frequency: 24 hourly
Route: PO
Instructions:
Neonatal
Dose: 5 to 7.5 mg/kg
Single Dose: 6.2 (6.25)
Frequency: 6 hourly
Route: Oral
Instructions: Maintenance
Paedriatic
Dose: 5 to 7.5 mg/kg
Single Dose: 6.2 (6.25)
Frequency: 6 hourly
Route: Oral
Instructions: Maintenance
Characteristics
Sulphasalazine also known as Sulfasalazine, Sulfasalazine, Sulfasalazine. . It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Sulphonamide. It belongs to Ulcerative Colitis remedies (GI) pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antipeptic Ulcerant pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Sulphasalazine is 398.39. Its pKa is 2.4, 8.3, 11.0.
Contraindications
Sulphasalazine is contraindicated in conditions like Porphyrias.
Effects
'The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Sulphasalazine, which give rise to further complications include Renal damage, Hepatitis, Hemolytic anemia, Stevens johnson syndrome, Serum sickness, Peripheral neuropathy, Exfoliative dermatitis, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Infertility, Fibrosing alveolitis, Lyell''s syndrome, Oligospermia.Sulphasalazine produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Agranulocytosis, Thrombocytopenia. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Sulphasalazine therapy.The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Sulphasalazine include Renal failure, Salicylate poisoning.'
Indications
'Sulphasalazine is primarily indicated in conditions like Assessment of thyroid function, Crohn''s disease, Cyclical benign breast disease, Enhance permeation of SC or IM inj, Mild to moderate and severe ulcerative colitis, Premenstrual syndrome, Rheumatoid arthritis, Ulcerative colitis.'
Interactions
Sulphasalazine is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementCholestyramineDigoxinAbsorption of digoxin possibly reduced by sulphasalazine.ModerateRapidMonitor for decreased serum concentrations/therapeutic effects of digoxin if sulphasalazine is initiated/dose increased, or increased serum concentrations/effects if a sulphasalazine is discontinued/dose decreased.Ferrous SulphateFolic AcidRifampicin These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Non-Specific Spectrophotometric Determinations
Risks
Drug should not be given to Pregnant Mothers.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Susp Store Below 40°C. Do not Freeze. Tab Store in a well closed container, Below 40°C.
Warnings
Sulphasalazine should be used with caution in patients with liver or kidney diseases, blood disorders or of any drug allergy. This may make patient more prone to sunburn, wear protective clothing and (PABA-free) sunscreen when outdoors. It should be used with caution during pregnancy or lactation.
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