Sulphamethoxazole

Sulphamethoxazole is antibacterial sulfonamide. Sulphamethoxazole is classified as an intermediate-acting sulfonamide and is longer-acting than sulfisoxazole, which allows it to be given 2-3 times daily, possibly aiding in compliance. Although it was once an extremely useful antibiotic, the development of resistance and the availability of newer agents has made sulfamethoxazole almost obsolete as a single agent. Today, clinical use of sulfamethoxazole occurs primarily in combination with trimethoprim. It was approved by the FDA in 1961 as an antibecterial agent. Sulphamethoxazole is effective against gram positive, gram negative bacteria and some protozoan.


Brands
ALBROTRAN ALBROTRAN ALBROTRAN ALBROTRAN SULFARIM SULFARIM SULFARIM SULFARIM PRIMOX PRIMOX PRIMOX PRIMOX BOSCHTRIM BOSCHTRIM OSTRIN OSTRIN FORTE SULFORIN SULFORIN PABTRAN EFTRAN EFTRAN DS COTRIZOLE COTRIZOLE SEPTROZOLE SEPTROZOLE SEPTROZOLE SEPTROZOLE SEPTROZOLE D.S SEPTROZOLE D.S BECTY FLOCOT FLOCOT BIOTRAN BIOTRAN BIOTRAN SEPTRAN SEPTRAN TRIMOXIN TRIMOXIN-DS MEXAZOL MEXAZOL ASCOTRAN HICOT HICOT PULCORIDE PULCORIDE PULCORIDE SURFADINE SURFADINE SURFADINE CO-TRIMAX CO-TRIMAX CO-TRIMAX CO-TRIMAX KAYTRAN KAYTRAN KAYTRAN SULPHATRAN SULPHATRAN SULPHATRAN SULPHATRAN SULPHATRAN D.S. NOVOZOLE NOVOZOLE NOVOZOLE XA-ZOLE XA-ZOLE XA-ZOLE FORTE MACTRAN MACTRAN MACTRAN MACTRAN COMAX COMAX COMAX TRIMEX TRIMEX AMTRIL AMTRIL AMTRIL AMTRIL AMTRIL AMTRIL TRISEP TRISEP TRISEP OBITRAN OBITRAN LONGASAL LONGASAL LONGASAL OPIRAN COLITRAN COLITRAN COLITRAN BACTIPRONT BACTIPRONT PHARTEX PHARTEX PHARTEX-DS PHARTEX-DS FAKZOL FAKZOL FAKZOL FAKZOL THERASEPT THERASEPT THERASEPT B.D. DUTRAN TRANAZOL D.S TRANAZOL D.S TRANAZOL TRANAZOL TRANAZOL TRANAZOL NICOTRIM FORTE BACTRIM BACTRIM SAYDETRON PLAIN SUPRACOMBIN SUPRACOMBIN SEMOZOL SEMOZOL NILIUM COTRIZA COTRIZA FORTE COTRI COTRI-DD SILTRAN SILTRAN SILTRAN INFECTRAN INFECTRAN NICOTRIM SAYDETRON SAYDETRON AMOXAZOL COBACT MAZATRIM MAZATRIM MAZATRIM MB-TRAN MB-TRAN POLYTRAN POLYTRAN SUPTREX SUPTREX SUPTREX SEPTAZOLE SEPTAZOLE SEPTAZOLE SEPTAZOLE SEPTAZOLE SEPTAZOLE BACITRAN BACITRAN BACITRAN BACTY FORTE BACTY FORTE BACTY FORTE DOSATRAN DOSATRAN DOSATRAN DOSATRAN FEDRAN OCTIL-S OCTIL-S OCTIL-S OCTIL-S OCTIL-S OCTIL-S PENETRIN WILTRAN WILTRAN WILTRAN WILTRAN WILTRAN COTRAY COTRAY COTRAY MOXOTRIM MOXOTRIM MOXOTRIM BIPRIM BIPRIM BIPRIM BIPRIM CHEMIZOL CHEMIZOL CHEMIZOL COTRIGEN COTRIGEN COTRIGEN FERROTRAN FERROTRAN TRIZOL TRIZOL IMCOTRAN TXAZOLE TXAZOLE COTRIMOXAZOLE COTRIMOXAZOLE COTRIMOXAZOLE COTRIMOXAZOLE COTRIMOXAZOLE CHEMORTAN CHEMORTAN CHEMORTAN CHEMORTAN SAPTRI COTRIMOXAZOLE COTRIMOXAZOLE ZEPTRA ZEPTRA AKSOTRAN AKSOTRAN COZOL COZOL ZOLEBID BACTRIM FORTE BACTRIM FORTE BIPRIM FORTE BIOTRAN FORTE BIOTRAN FORTE SEPTRAN DS SEPTRAN DS DECTRON SULFA-X SULFA-X SULFA-X TRIMEX FORTE TRIMEX FORTE TRIMEX P TRIMEX P BACTIPRONT DUPLEX PAKZOLE PAKZOLE NICOTRIM PAED COTRIMOXAZOLE COTRIMOXAZOLE SEPTATONE PEAD LOBACT LOBACT FORTE EROPRIM SULPHA EROPRIM SULPHA EROPRIM SULPHA ORGASTRAN ORGASTRAN FORTE XA-ZOLE DS BACTRIZOLE DS SEMOZOL DS SUPRACOMBIN FORTE QAMTRAN UNITRAN UNITRAN COTRIMOXAZOLE COTRIMOXAZOLE COTRIMOXAZOLE COTRIMOXAZOLE MAZATRIM FORTE COTRIMOXAZOLE PLAIN COTRIMOXAZOLE PLAIN COTRIMOXAZOLE COTRIMOXAZOLE CO-SEPT RASCOTRAN RASCOTRAN RASCOTRAN RASCOTRAN SMARTRIM SMARTRIM COTRIMAXAL COTRIMAXAL SOSETRAM SOSETRAM SOSETRAM SOSETRAM SOSETRAM SOSETRAM SINERSEL SINERSEL SINERSEL SULPRIM SULPRIM WINOTRIM FORTE AMTRAN AMTRAN AMTRAN AMTRAN CARTRIUM DS CARTRIUM DS KOTRIA KOTRIA DS KOTRIA DS STAIMXZOL STAIMXZOL EIPTRAN EIPTRAN EIPTRAN EIPTRAN FORTE METHAX TRICARE BITRA SEFT SEFT Kepinol Forte
Adult Dose
Dose: 800 mg
Single Dose: 800 (800)
Frequency: 12 hourly
Route: PO
Instructions: In Combination with trimethoprim 160 mg/day.
Neonatal
Dose: Should not be used in this age group
Single Dose:
Frequency:
Route:
Instructions:
Paedriatic
Dose: 25 to 30 mg/kg
Single Dose: 28 (27.5)
Frequency: 12 hourly
Route: Oral
Instructions: Maintenance, As required
Characteristics
Sulphamethoxazole also known as Sulfamethoxazole. . It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Sulphonamide. It belongs to Dihyropteroate synthetase inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antibacterial pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Sulphamethoxazole is 253.30. Its pKa is 5.7.
Contraindications
Sulphamethoxazole is contraindicated in conditions like Renal diseases,Liver diseases.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Sulphamethoxazole, which give rise to further complications include Hepatic damage, Renal failure, Crystalluria.Sulphamethoxazole produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Stevens Johnson syndrome. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Sulphamethoxazole therapy.The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Sulphamethoxazole include Nausea, Vomiting, Confusion, Dizziness, Abdominal pain.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Sulphamethoxazole are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Rashes, Hemolytic anemia, Thrombocytopenia, Eosinophilia, Serum sickness, Hypoprothrombinemia, Hematological disorder.
Indications
Sulphamethoxazole is primarily indicated in conditions like Bacterial infections, Lymphogranuloma venereum, Respiratory tract infections, Urinary tract infection.
Interactions
Sulphamethoxazole is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementClozapineCo-TrimoxazoleFluconazoleLamivudineNorgestimatePara Aminobenzoic AcidShould not be used concurrently except on medical advice.Phenytoin (Na)PrilocaineProcaineDecreased effect of sulfonamides with the PABA metabolite of procaine.TrimethoprimWarfarin (Na)Sulphamethoxazole may decrease the metabolism of Warfarin. ModerateMonitor for increased effects of Warfarin if Sulphamethoxazole is initiated/dose increased, and decreased effects if Sulphamethoxazole is discontinued/dose decreased. These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Measurement of serum Theophylline levels by HPLC
Risks
Drug should not be given to Paediatrics, Pregnant Mothers, patients suffering from Kidney dysfunction, patients suffering from Liver Malfunction, Geriatrics, and Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Inj Store at room temperature. Do not Freeze. Protect from Sunlight. Tab, Susp Store at room temperature. Protect from Sunlight and Moisture.
Warnings
Sulphamethoxazole should be used with caution in patients with medical history including liver or kidney disease, blood disorders or of any drug allergy. This may makes patients more prone to sunburn, wear protective clothing and (PABA-free) sunscreen when outdoors. It should be used only if clearly needed during pregnancy or lactation.
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