Oxazepam

Oxazepam is oral anxiolytic belongs to benzodiazipine, with a moderate duration of action. It contains a chiral center. Chemically Oxazepam is identified as 7-Chloro-1,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazipine-2-one. Oxazepam is prepared by chemical synthesis, substituent in the 7th position such as halogen or a nitro group is required for its sedative-hypnotic activity. The actions, uses and adverse effects similar to those of Diazepam.

Brands
OXETAMOL
Adult Dose
Dose: 0.142 to 0.214 mg/kg
Single Dose: 0.18 (0.178)
Frequency: 8 hourly
Route: PO
Instructions: -
Neonatal
Dose:
Single Dose:
Frequency:
Route:
Instructions: Not recommended in this age group
Paedriatic
Dose:
Single Dose:
Frequency:
Route:
Instructions: Not recommended in this age group
Characteristics
. It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Benzodiazepine. It belongs to Chloride Channel Potentiater (GABA operated) pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Psychotherapeutic Drugs and Anxiolytics pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Oxazepam is 286.70. Its pKa is 1.7, 11.3.
Contraindications
Oxazepam is contraindicated in conditions like Pulmonary insufficiency.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Oxazepam, which give rise to further complications include Jaundice.Oxazepam produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Agranulocytosis, Blood dyscrasias. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Oxazepam therapy.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Oxazepam are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Dizziness, Headache, Drowsiness, Nausea, Skin rashes.
Indications
Oxazepam is primarily indicated in conditions like Anxiety, Depression, Insomnia, Psychosis, Suppression of transplant rejection, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Alcohol dependence, Alcohol withdrawal.
Interactions
Oxazepam is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementAlcoholDiflunisalOxymorphoneCentral nervous system- and/or respiratory-depressant effects may be additively or synergistically increased in patients taking multiple drugs that cause these effects, especially in elderly or debilitated patients.ModerateDuring concomitant use of these drugs, patients should be monitored for potentially excessive or prolonged CNS and respiratory depression. Ambulatory patients should be made aware of the possibility of additive CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness, dizziness, lightheadedness, confusion) and counseled to avoid activities requiring mental alertness until they know how these agents affect them. Patients should also be advised to notify their physician if they experience excessive or prolonged CNS effects that interfere with their normal activities. These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
L-Toluidine neocuprin method of glucose determination
Risks
Drug should not be given to Paediatrics, Pregnant Mothers, patients suffering from Liver Malfunction, and Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Tab, Caps Store Below 40°C. Protect from Sunlight and Moisture.
Warnings
Perform periodic blood counts and liver function tests during long term therapy. Oxazepam should be used with caution in patients if increased salivation cause respiratory difficulty, because it may produce an increase in salivation. Give least amount of drug to patients in whom depression accompanies anxiety and suicidal tendencies may be present. It should be used with caution (if it contains tartrazine) in patients with aspirin hypersensitivity because it may cause allergic reaction (including bronchial asthma).
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