Naproxen

Naproxen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that also possesses antipyretic and analgesic properties. Chemically Naproxen is identified as (+)-6-methoxy-a-methyl-2-naphthalene acetic acid Naproxen is a propionic acid derivative related to ibuprofen, ketoprofen, etc. Many pharmacodynamic similarities exist among these agents, which are usually better tolerated than aspirin or indomethacin. It also has been shown superior to ergotamine in the treatment of migraine. It was approved by the FDA in 1976. The antiinflammatory effects of it may result from the peripheral inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis secondary to inhibition of the enzyme cyclooxygenase. Prostaglandins sensitize pain receptors, and their inhibition is believed to be responsible for the analgesic effects of it


Brands
SUMOXEN SUMOXEN SUMOXEN MALPROX MALPROX S MALPROX S ORTHOXEN ORTHOXEN MENOGESIC MAYOFLEX MAYOFLEX NEVOTIC ATHROXEN ATHROXEN NAPROFED NAPROFED RHEPROX RHEPROX NAPLEX PROMIG NAPROZONE NAPGESIC GENOXEN PROXEN PROXEN SYNFLEX HIZEXIN XANBID XANBID NAP NAP NAP XYNAP NAPROFAST NAPROFAST OTENGEL SYNOVAX SYNOVAX GIA FLEXEN NEOSAID NEOSAID NAVEROX NAVEROX NEOPROX NEOPROX ANEX ANEX NAPROX NAPROX PROSYN PROSYN NAPROXIT NAXEN NAXEN NAXEN XAPROX XAPROX XEPROPAN XEPROPAN NAPREBEN NAPREBEN NAPREBEN APRANAX APRANAX NAPROSYN NAPROSYN NAPROSYN NEPEXEN NEPEXEN-DD TORMAX TORMAX TOREX IR DOLONAP DOLONAP DOLONAP EC CALGESIC CALGESIC PROVIN PROVIN SONAC SONAC XENAR CR SUMINAP SUMINAP SUMINAP NO-ACHE NO-ACHE ARTIC ARTIC NEPRA XENAP ARTHROX ARTHROX ARTHROX TOPICAL DEPHLOG DEPHLOG NAPOLI NAPOLI NAPTROL NAPTROL FONZA DOLOSYN RHYNOX BLOXEN MIRAMAX VOLKUM EROXEN MB-ROXEN NAPXEN NAPXEN NAPORINE NAPORINE APROXEN APROXEN COMPAN ZENAP ZENAP ZENAP NAPRODIN NAPRODIN MEDIPYRETIC NAPRIN NEEPRO NAPROZEN NAPROZEN NAEREX NAPEX NEPSIL NOXRON NOXRON NAPROCIL NEPOX RD-CAM ALNAPRO ALNAPRO NAPRO HEIM BIO PROX BIO PROX NOTHROX NOTHROX ZELPROX NAPNOR NAPROXEN EVERPROX EVERNEO ERANAP ERANAP ROX-S NEPORAX NEPORAX NAPOREX PROPEX PROPEX ROMAN ROMAN HINAP NEXRONAP NEXRONAP NEXRONAP SANPROX FLEXIN FLEXIN REPIGESIC REPIGESIC NOVIGESIC NOVIGESIC GAPROXIN ALIDASE SONUM SONUM NIPROYAN NIPROYAN NYCO-P NYCO-P ZEBROXIN ZEBROXIN QINEX EZIFLAM EZIFLAM LOPREX LOPREX LOWXEN LOWXEN APROGESIC NORAL NORAL ALREN ALREN ROXEN ROXEN PRONAX VORSAZ NAPIUM FLEXOREN PANARODIN NYCOPREN NYCOPREN GENPROX XERON NEPROMAK MAPROLEX APROLEX APROLEX NARO NABROMAX NABROMAX M-NEXUM ANAPROX NIKZON NIKZON NAPRICAL SANTOSA PRONAP LOTOPROXEN OXIGEN OXIGEN OXIGEN SYNPROX NAPROSER NAX SADOXIN NAPTIL NAPROBID NAXPRO NAXPRO MAPROL MAPROL NAPROWEL SAFPROX ACHFER ALLIGESIC ALLIGESIC NALIUM DOLOCID DOLOCID ESMOV NAPROFLEX DOLOTEC NEPROBID DOLOREX
Adult Dose
Dose: 250 to 500 mg
Single Dose: 380 (375)
Frequency: 12 hourly
Route: PO
Instructions: For Musculoskeletal disorder and Dysmenorrhea .Initially given 500 mg which is followed by 250 mg every 6 or 8 hr
Neonatal
Paedriatic
Dose: 5 to 0 mg/kg
Single Dose: 2.5 (2.5)
Frequency: 12 hourly
Route: Oral
Instructions: 1 month to 18 years which may be increased to 10-15mg/kg twice daily.
Characteristics
Naproxen Sodium is the derivative of Naproxen. It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Propionic Acid. It belongs to Cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Analgesics and Anti-inflammatory Agents pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Naproxen is 230.25. Its pKa is 4.39.
Contraindications
Naproxen is contraindicated in conditions like Hypersensitivity reactions.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Naproxen, which give rise to further complications include Hepatitis, Aplastic anemia, Hemolytic anemia, Aplastic anemia, Hemolytic anemia, Anaphylactoid reactions, Granulocytopenia, Nephrotic syndrome, Peptic ulceration, Acute renal failure, Nephritis, Hemolytic anemia, Breast cancer, Pseudoporphyria, Aplastic anemia, GI perforation.Naproxen produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Gastric erosion and ulceration, Aplastic Anemia, Anaphylaxis, Gastric hemorrhage, Aplastic anemia. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Naproxen therapy.The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Naproxen include Nausea, Vomiting, Seizures, Drowsiness, Anemia, GI disturbances, Hypertension, Indigestion, Hearing loss.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Naproxen are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Dizziness, Vertigo, Headache, Drowsiness, Nausea, Constipation, Tinnitus, Abdominal pain, Visual disorders, Stomatitis, Jaundice, Dyspepsia, Malaise, Depression, Heart burn, Light headedness, Increased intracranial pressure, Glaucoma, Flu like syndrome, Dreams abnormality, dizziness, dyspepsia, Cognitive dysfunctions, Pseudoporphyria, Leukocytoclastic vasculitis, Allergic Pneumonitis, Photodermatitis, Decreased Creatinine Clearance, Reversible Keratopathy.
Indications
Naproxen is primarily indicated in conditions like Acute gout, Acute spasm and spasm in diagnostic procedures, Differential diagnosis of acth-dependent cushing`s syndrome, Dysmenorrhoea, Fever, fever, Glaucoma, Headache, Migraine, Musculoskeletal disorders, Ocular hypertension, Pain, Rheumatoid arthritis, Surgical infections, Trauma.
Interactions
Naproxen is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementAluminium Hydroxide and OxideBisoprolol (Fumarate)Naproxen through renal prostaglandin synthesis inhibition reduces the antihypertensive activity of bisoprolol.ModerateAltered antihypertensive response is monitored whenever naproxen is introduced or discontinued in treatment.CiprofloxacinPiperazine ring of ciprofloxacin inhibits the binding of GABA to brain receptors and naproxen synergistically add to this effect thus increase the risk of CNS stimulation and convulsion.ModerateClose monitoring of CNS stimulation is advised.Frusemide or FurosemideNaproxen may diminish the diuretic effect of Furosemide.ModerateMonitor for decreased therapeutic effects of Furosemide if Naproxen is initiated/dose increased, or increased effects if Naproxen is discontinued/dose decreased. Consider using an NSAID that holds a lesser potential for interacting with Furosemide (eg, diflunisal, flurbiprofen, ketoprofen, and ketorolac). Patients with heart failure may be more sensitive to alterations in fluid balance, in which case consideration should be given to avoiding the concomitant use of NSAIDs and Furosemide. Cirrhotic patients with ascites may also be at increased risk.LithiumMagnesium Oxides and HydroxidesMethotrexateExcretion of methotrexate is reduced by naproxen thus increase toxicity.MajorLow dose of methotrexate should be used. Closely monitor the sign and symptoms of bone marrow suppression and nephrotoxicity.Metoprolol (Tartrate)Naproxen may attenuate the anihypertensive effect of metoprolol by inhibiting renal prostaglandin synthesis.ModerateClosely monitor for altered antihypertensive response.Phenytoin (Na)Naproxen displaces Phenytoin from Protein binding sites ProbenecidProbenecid interfere with metabolism, renal elimination and plasma protein binding of naproxen result in increased plasma concentration of naproxen.MinorPatient should report the signs of toxicity to physician.Propranolol (HCl)Naproxen may attenuate the anihypertensive effect of propranolol by inhibiting renal prostaglandin synthesis.ModerateClosely monitor for altered antihypertensive response.RanitidineRanitidine increases the dissolution rate of enteric-coated naproxen so, drug release in stomach instead of small intestine.ModerateCombination should be avoidedin patient taking enteric-coated formulation.Rivaroxaban Naproxen and others Nsaids including Acetyl salicylic acid may increase bleeding riskWarfarin (Na)Naproxen potentiate the hypoprothrombinemic effect of warfarin result in increased INR or prothrombin time thus increase risk of bleeding.ModerateDelayedINR should be checked frequently and dose of warfarin should be adjust accordingly, particularly following initiation or discontinuation of naproxen. These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
False +ve Urinary Conc. of 17-Ketogenic Steroid & of 5-OH Indoleacetic acid
Risks
Drug should not be given to Paediatrics, Pregnant Mothers, Cardiac / Hypertensive Patients, patients suffering from Kidney dysfunction, patients suffering from Liver Malfunction, Geriatrics, and Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Tab Store Below 40°C. Protect from Sunlight and Moisture. Suppositries Store Below 15°C. Protect from Sunlight and Moisture. Suspension Store Below 30°C.
Warnings
Naproxen should be used with caution in patients with intrinsic coagulation defects and those on anticoagulant therapy. Naproxen may lead to new hypertension or worsening of existing hypertension. Cautions should be taken in heart failure,ulcer or GI bleeding. It should be used with caution in patients with other condition predisposing to fluid retention. It should be used with extra care in the presence of existing controlled infection. Perform periodic auditory function test during chronic therapy. Discontinue drug if skin reaction occurs.
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