Mitozantrone (HCl)

'Mitozantrone (HCl) is a parenteral, synthetic antineoplastic agent. Chemically, Mitozantrone (HCl) is anthracenedione and is structurally similar to the anthracyclines, doxorubicin, daunorubicin and idarubicin. Mitozantrone (HCl) is sometimes substituted for doxorubicin or daunorubicin because it has considerably less cardiotoxicity and mitoxantrone is not a vesicant as are the other anthracyclines. Mitozantrone (HCl) is used in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents for acute nonlymphocytic leukemias, specifically, for myelogenous, promyelocytic, monocytic and erythroid acute leukemias. Mitozantrone (HCl) is also being studied in the treatment of breast carcinomas and refractory non-Hodgkin''s lymphomas. This drug was approved by the FDA in 1987. Althoughthe exact mechanism of action is unknown, it appears to bind to DNA by intercalation between base pairs and by a nonintercalative electrostatic interaction, which inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis. It also inhibits topoisomerase II, an enzyme known to be important for the repair of damaged DNA. The interaction with topoisomerase II leads to double strand DNA breaks. The drug is not cell phase specific, but appears to be most active in the late G-2 phase. It has a cytocidal effect on both nonproliferating and proliferating cultured human cells.'

Brands
MITOXANTRONA MITOSTATE MITOSTATE NOVANTRONE NOVANTRONE MITOXANTRON
Adult Dose
Dose: 10 to 12 mg/ sq.meter
Single Dose: 11 (11)
Frequency: As recommended.
Route: IV
Instructions: Dose may be Repeat at 21 day interval
Neonatal
Dose: 0.4 mg/kg
Single Dose: 0.4 (0.4)
Frequency: 24 hourly
Route: Intravenous
Instructions: For 3---5 days
Paedriatic
Dose: 12 mg/sq metre
Single Dose: 22 (22)
Frequency: 24 hourly
Route: Intravenous
Instructions: For 3 days
Characteristics
Mitozantrone (HCl) also known as Mitoxantrone HCl. . It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Anthracenedione. It belongs to Intercalation (DNA acting) pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antineoplastic Agent, Antibiotic pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Mitozantrone (HCl) is 517.40. Its pKa is 5.99, 8.13.
Contraindications
Mitozantrone (HCl)
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Mitozantrone (HCl), which give rise to further complications include Marrow hypoplasia, Severe neurotoxicity.Mitozantrone (HCl) produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Congestive heart failure, Myelosuppression. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Mitozantrone (HCl) therapy.The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Mitozantrone (HCl) include Nausea, Diarrhea, Subsequent mucositis.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Mitozantrone (HCl) are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Alopecia, Anorexia, Fever, Dyspnea, Stomatitis, Nausea and vomiting, GI hemorrhage, Amenorrhea, Alopecia.
Indications
Mitozantrone (HCl) is primarily indicated in conditions like Breast cancer, Leukaemia, Lymphoma, Metastatic breast cancer, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Multiple sclerosis, Ovarian cancer, Prostate cancer.
Interactions
No data regarding the interactions of Mitozantrone (HCl) was found.
Interfrence
Pregnanediol Test Serum Tests for Uric Acid Complete blood cell count
Risks
Drug should not be given to Paediatrics, Pregnant Mothers, Cardiac / Hypertensive Patients, patients suffering from Kidney dysfunction, patients suffering from Liver Malfunction, Geriatrics, and Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Vial Store Between 15°C-25°C. Do not Freeze.
Warnings
Mitozantrone is not recommended for use during pregnancy or lactation. Immunosuppressent drug should not be given, where possible, to patients with acute infection, dosage reduction or withdrawal should be considered if infection develops, until the infection has been controlled. Blood counts and measurement of hemoglobin concentration should be carried out routinely, it helps to predict the onset of bone marrow depression. Care is required in pateints with reexisting heart failure.
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