Miconazole (Nitrate)

Miconazole (Nitrate) is imidazole-type antifungal. When miconazole was first released, it was hoped it would replace amphotericin B as a parenteral antifungal agent. It was soon discovered, however, that miconazole not only failed to offer the same efficacy as amphotericin B, but also possessed intrinsic toxicities after IV administration. While miconazole is still marketed in a parenteral formulation, it most commonly is used topically and intravaginally. Miconazole was approved by the FDA in 1974it was one of the first azole antifunfal agent to become widely used for treating mycoses. Miconazole (Nitrate) is a topically used azole. Like other azole antifungals, miconazole exerts its effect by altering the fungal cell membrane. Miconazole inhibits ergosterol synthesis by interacting with 14a demethylase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme that is necessary for the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol, an essential component of the membrane. Inhibition of ergosterol synthesis results in increased cellular permeability, causing leakage of cellular contents. Miconazole does not appear to have the same effect on human cholesterol synthesis.

Brands

BETADERM-NM TANAZOLE MYCONIT-H MYCONIT CONADERM-N GYNO DAKTARIN DAKTARIN DAKTARIN DAKTACORT MICONAZ DIPCORT MYZOVAG MACNAZ ALBIMIN ALBICOST CANDISTAT-7 CANDISTATE ORAL DERMISTATE-HC DERMISTAT GYNOSTIN MICOGEN-B MONITIN TINEARIN TINEACORT TINEACORT VAGIMYC MYCONA-GB MYCON-H MYCON MYCON MECTOZEL MECTOZEL MICONIT CARACORT MICTRACIN MICTRACIN H MYCOREX MYCOREX+H MICODEN DANADERM UNICONAZOLE DERMICON HC DERMICON MICORAL MICO MINOC S TRI-GMB LIN-CONA

Adult Dose

Dose: 2%
Single Dose: 2 (2)
Frequency: As recommended.
Route: Ophthalmic
Instructions: As required.

Neonatal

Dose: 0.33 to 0.5 mg/kg.min
Single Dose: 0.41 (0.415)
Frequency: 8 hourly
Route: IV Infusion
Instructions: Infuse over 30 Min

Paedriatic

Dose: 8.3 to 0.5 mg/kg.min
Single Dose: 4.4 (4.4)
Frequency: 8 hourly
Route: IV Infusion
Instructions: Infuse over 30 Min

Characteristics

Miconazole is the derivative of Miconazole (Nitrate). It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Azole. It belongs to Antifungals pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Miconazole (Nitrate) is 479.10. Its pKa is 6.65.

Contraindications

Miconazole (Nitrate) is contraindicated in conditions like Hypersensitivity to any component of product.

Effects

The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Miconazole (Nitrate), which give rise to further complications include Cardiac arrhythmias, Hepatitis, Cardiac arrhythmias, Phlebitis, Pruritis, Arachnoiditis.Miconazole (Nitrate) produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac arrest, Anaphylaxis. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Miconazole (Nitrate) therapy.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Miconazole (Nitrate) are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Drowsiness, Anorexia, Rashes, GI upset, Flushing, Nausea and vomiting, Local irritation.

Indications

Miconazole (Nitrate) is primarily indicated in conditions like Balanitis, Candidosis, Fungal infection, Vulvo-vaginal candidosis.

Interactions

Miconazole (Nitrate) is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementAlprazolamAmphotericin BEffects of amphotericin B possibly antagonised by Meconazole.AstemizoleCarbamazepinePlasma concentration of Carbamazepine possibly increased by Miconazole.MajorChlorpropamideCisaprideFosphenytoinPhenytoin (Na)TerfenadineTolterodine (Tartrate)TorasemideMiconazole, a strong CYP2C9 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of Torasemide, a CYP2C9 substrate, by decreasing Torasemide metabolism and clearance. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of Torasemide if Miconazole is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.VORICONAZOLEMiconazole may increase the serum concentration of voriconazole by decreasing its metabolism. Monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.

Interfrence

Risks

Drug should not be given to Pregnant Mothers.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.

Storage

Cream, Vag Supositories, Powder Store Below 40°C. Do not Freeze. Protect from Sunlight and Moisture.

Warnings

Miconazole should be used cautiously during pregnancy.

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