Mezlocillin

Mezlocillin sodium is an antibiotic that belongs to a group called Penicillins. It is a parenteral, semisynthetic, extended-spectrum acylureidopenicillin. Clinically, Mezlocillin is used in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections, respiratory and urinary tract infections, skin and soft-tissue infections, and other infections caused by susceptible bacteria. Mezlocillin is often used in combination with an aminoglycoside to treat systemic Pseudomonas infections. Mezlocillin is not effective against staphylococcus. It was approved by the FDA in 1981. Mezlocillin is a beta-lactam antibacterial antibiotic. Mezlocillin is mainly bactericidal. It inhibits the third and final stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis by preferentially binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) that are located inside the bacterial cell wall. Penicillin-binding proteins are responsible for several steps in the synthesis of the cell wall.

Brands
Adult Dose
Dose: 21.42 to 28.57 mg/kg
Single Dose: 25 (24.995)
Frequency: 6 hourly
Route: IM
Instructions: -
Neonatal
Dose: 50 mg/kg
Single Dose: 50 (50)
Frequency: 4 hourly
Route: Intamuscular
Instructions:
Paedriatic
Dose: 50 mg/kg
Single Dose: 50 (50)
Frequency: 4 hourly
Route: Intamuscular
Instructions:
Characteristics
Mezlocillin Sodium is the derivative of Mezlocillin. It is of Semi Synthetic origin and belongs to Penicillin. It belongs to Peptidoglycan synthesis inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antibiotics pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Mezlocillin is 579.60. Its pKa is 2.7.
Contraindications
Mezlocillin is contraindicated in conditions like Hypersensitivity.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Mezlocillin, which give rise to further complications include Thrombocytopenia, Cholestatic jaundice, Cholestatic jaundice, Leucopenia, Elevated SGPT & SGOT, Interstitial nephritis, Acute interstitial nephritis, Hyperbilirubinemia, Vaginitis.Mezlocillin produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Anaphylaxis. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Mezlocillin therapy.The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Mezlocillin include Coma, Seizures, Encephalopathy, Hallucinations, Agitation, Stupor.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Mezlocillin are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Dizziness, Fatigue, Anorexia, Insomnia, Erythema, Cramps, Thrombophlebitis, Nausea and vomiting, dizziness.
Indications
Mezlocillin is primarily indicated in conditions like Bacterial infections, Biliary tract infections, Gonorrhoea, Intra-abdominal infections, Lower respiratory tract infections, Respiratory tract infections, Septicaemia, UTI, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Meningitis, Osteomyelitis, Pelvic infections, Soft tissue infections.
Interactions
Mezlocillin is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementCefotaximeCefoxitinHeparin (Na) and Heparin (Cl) These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Sulphosalicylic acid precipitation test for proteinuria
Risks
Drug should not be given to Pregnant Mothers, and patients suffering from Kidney dysfunction.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Inj (reconstituted soln) Store at room temperature or refrigerator. Freezing is recommended. Use within 28 days (at -12 C) if freezed, within 1-7 days if refrigerated and within 24-72 hrs if kept at room temperature.
Warnings
Mezlocillin should be used with caution in patients with renal disease or renal impairment since the drug is eliminated via renal mechanisms. Mezlocillin excretion may be reduced in patients with hepatic disease such as common bile duct obstruction. Electrolytes may need to be monitored in all patients receiving mezlocillin. Mezlocillin is a penicillin, and should not be used in patients with penicillin hypersensitivity. Due to the drug`s structural similarity to the cephalosporins and imipenem, Mezlocillin should be used cautiously in patients with cephalosporin hypersensitivity or imipenem hypersensitivity. The patients are more susceptible to hypersensitivity reactions. Patients with allergies or allergic conditions including asthma, eczema, hives, or hay fever may have a greater risk for hypersensitivity reactions to penicillins. Antibiotic therapy can result in superinfection or suprainfection with nonsusceptible organisms. All antibiotics may cause allergic reactions, stop drug and tell your doctor if a rash or hive develops. Overgrowth of Candida, Serratia, Klebsiella, or P. aeruginosa can occur with extended-spectrum penicillin therapy. Patients should be monitored closely during therapy. Penicillins should be used with caution in patients with a history of GI disease, especially colitis, because the adverse GI effects associated with penicillin therapy can exacerbate the condition. Also, patients who develop diarrhea while taking or soon after taking penicillins should be considered for differential diagnosis of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranouscolitis. Penicillins are excreted in breast milk. Mezlocillin should be used with caution in pregnant mothers. Do not drive because Mezlocillin sodium may cause drowsiness. Avoid alcohol.
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