Ipecac

Ipecac is used as an expectorant. its larger doses are used for emergency treatment of ingested poison in children.


Adult Dose
Dose: 15 to 30 ml USP syrup
Single Dose: 22 (22.5)
Frequency: As recommended.
Route: PO
Instructions: Once or as required.
Neonatal
Dose: 0.875 to 1.75 mg/kg
Single Dose: 1.3 (1.3125)
Frequency: As recommended.
Route: Oral
Instructions: Single dose may repeat after 20 min. if required
Paedriatic
Dose: 2.1 mg/kg
Single Dose: 2.1 (2.1)
Frequency: As recommended.
Route: Oral
Instructions: Once or repeated after 20 min, As Required
Characteristics
Ipecac also known as Ipecacuanha. . It is of Natural origin and belongs to Alkaloid. It belongs to Emetic (GI) pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antidotes pharmacological group.
Contraindications
Ipecac is contraindicated in conditions like Unconciousness,Poisoning with corrosive agents,Ingestion of petroleum distillates,Ingestion of CNS stimulants,Antiemetic poisoning.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Ipecac, which give rise to further complications include Diarrhoea, Hypotension, Proteinuria, Hypotension, Ventricular tachycardia, Dyspnea, Oedema, Persistent vomiting, Ventricular ectopics, Chest pain, ECG abnormalities, Atrial tachycardia, Proteinuria, proteinuria.Ipecac produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Convulsions, Gastric damage, Pneumomediastinum, Diaphragmatic rupture, Neuropathy, Mallory-weiss syndrome, Retropneumoperitoneum, Myopathy, Aspiration pneumonia, Diaphragmatic rupture. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Ipecac therapy.The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Ipecac include GI hemorrhage, Circulatory collapse, Myocardial damage.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Ipecac are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Drowsiness, Diarrhea, Abdominal pain, Lethargy, Allergy.
Indications
Ipecac is primarily indicated in conditions like Acute oral drug overdose, Emesis induction in oral poisoning, Productive cough.
Interactions
Ipecac is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementCharcoal (Activated) These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Risks
Drug should not be given to Paediatrics, Pregnant Mothers, Geriatrics, and Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Syrup Store in a well closed container, at room temperature, Below 25°C. Protect from Sunlight.
Warnings
Ipecac should not be used as an emetic in patients whose condition increases the risk of aspiration or patients in shocks. It is not recommended for use during pregnancy or lactation. Ipecac should not be adminsitered to a person who may be poisoned by hydrocarbon ingestion (Petroleum distillate), strong acid ingestion, or alkali ingestion, unless directed to do so. The drug should be used with extreme caution in the patient with strychnine toxicity or seizures, cardiac diseases or arteriosclerosis. If emesis does not occur, cardiovascular function can also be affected through systemic absorption of cardiotoxin contained in Ipecac, increases the risk in these patients.
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