Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor

This factor increases the production of white blood cells and is used to treat or prevent neutropenia in patient receiving myelosuppressive cancer chemotherapy. GM-CSF;such as Granulacyte , eosinophil production it acts synergistically with SCF.IL-1,IL-3,and IL-6 to stimulate CFU-GM and CFU-Meg to increase neutrophil and monocyte production. With EPO (Erthropoietin) may promote BFU-t formation. Prevents alvedar proteinosis. Sargramostin is an rhGM-CSF expressed by the yeast,saccharomyces cerevisios. Molgramostin is an rhGM-CSF expressed by escherichia coli. Molecular mass of rhGM-CSF prepared in E.coli,unglycosylated,is 14kDA. The naturally occueing glycosylated compound has a molecular weight of upto 34kDa.

Brands
Adult Dose
Dose: 4 to 32 ug/kg
Single Dose: 18 (18)
Frequency: 24 hourly
Route: IV Inf
Instructions: As Required
Neonatal
Paedriatic
Dose: 1 to 10 ug/kg
Single Dose: 5.5 (5.5)
Frequency: 24 hourly
Route: Intra Venous
Instructions: -
Characteristics
. It is of Natural origin and belongs to Polypeptide(Partially glycosylated peptide). It belongs to Granulocy te/macrophage CSF agonsit pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Hematological Agents and Recombinant Human Erythropoietin pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor is 14000.00. Its pKa is Irrelevant.
Contraindications
Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor is contraindicated in conditions like Allergy,Leukaemia,Cardiac disease.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor, which give rise to further complications include Cardiac arrhythmias, Peripheral edema, Cardiac arrhythmias, Hemolytic anemia, Hemolytic anemia, Fluid retension, Weight gain, Pericarditis, Peritonitis, Acute myeloid leukemia, Hemolytic anemia, Capillary leak syndrome.Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor produces potentially life-threatening effects which include elevation in Serum creatinine, Elevation of liver enzymes, Pericardial effusion, Anaphylactic reactions, Pleural effusion, Transient arrhythmias. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor therapy.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Diarrhea, Fever, Myalgia, Dyspnea, Rashes, GI upset, Malaise, Hypotension, Flushing, Bone pain, Arthralgia, Nausea and vomiting, Fluid retention, Transient hypotension, Allergic reaction.
Indications
Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor is primarily indicated in conditions like Acute myeloid leukemia, Bone marrow failure, Bone marrow transplantation, Chemotherapy induced neutropenia, Mobilisation of peripheral blood progenitor cells, Neutropenia, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Aplastic anemia.
Interactions
No data regarding the interactions of Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor was found.
Interfrence
Liver Function Test (LFT)
Risks
Drug should not be given to Pregnant Mothers, Cardiac / Hypertensive Patients, patients suffering from Kidney dysfunction, and patients suffering from Liver Malfunction.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Vial Store in a well closed container. Do not Freeze. Protect from Sunlight.
Warnings
It should not be used in patients with known hypersensitivity, yeast derived products or any component of the products, simultaneous use with chemo or radiotherapy.since GM-CSF suchos molgramostin can promote growth of myeloid cells in vitro their use in myeloid malignancios has been contra indicated, although recently colony stimulating factors have been used in some pateints with myeloid diseuses without stimulation of maligant cells. They should not be used from 24 hours before until 24 hours after malignent or malignant myeloid condition chemotherapy or cardiotherapy due to the sensitivity of rapidly dividing myeloid cells.
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