Gentamicin

Gentamycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic isolated from Micromonospore purpurea. The aminoglycosides are the compound containing characteristic amino sugars joined to a hexose nucleus in glycoside linkage. Aminoglycosides are polycations and their polarity accounts for their pharmakokinetic properties. Gentamycin is effective against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Gentamicin (Sulphate) is active alone but also exibit synergism with β lactam antibiotic. Antibiotics require constant drug level in body for therapeutic effect. This is achieved by taking the medication at regular interval of time throughout the day and night as prescribed. Gentamicin (Sulphate) is important to take the drug for the full time period as prescribed. If you discontinue the therapy, it may result in ineffective treatment.


Brands
DIPROGENTA DIPROGENTA BETAGENIC ATCOGEN 0.1% CIDOMYCIN CIDOMYCIN CIDOMYCIN CIDOMYCIN CIDOMYCIN MYSODERM EFFIGENTA EFFIGENTA GENTIC GENTIC GENTIC GENTIC GENTIC TECHNOBET G EROGENT EPONIX-G EPONIX-G GENTACORT GENTA-HC GENTA GENTA GENTA GENTAQUIN GENTAGEOF 5% GENOM GENOM GENTAGEOF 10% SALISONE-G ECZIM G GENCYN GENTASONE GENTASONE GENTASONE KARMAGEN GENTICILLIN GENTICILLIN GENTICILLIN SKYCIN SKYCIN GENEK CLENIGEN OTO GENACIN GENACIN GENACIN GENACIN GENACIN GENTAMICIN GENTAMICIN GENTAMICIN GENTAPATH GENTAMYCIN MEDIGENTACIN G-MYCIN SPECTRAZOL-G DIPGEN GENTABACT H-NEUGENTA INFECTOFLAM INFECTOFLAM GENTEAL GENTEAL GENTALEK GENTICOL GENTICOL REFOBACIN REFOBACIN REFOBACIN REFOBACIN DELGENTA GENICOL -EYE DROPS ENCORE G ENCORE G SG SG SG SPEGECIN PROCORT G SWIGEN VALIGENT DIGENT GENTAMYCIN GENTAMYCIN GENTAMYCIN GENTAMYCIN GENTAMYCIN GENTAMYCIN GENTAMYCIN GENTAMYCIN GENTAMYCIN GENTAMYCIN GENTAMYCIN GENTAMYCIN GENTAMYCIN GENZY GENZY AUSTAGENT MICOGEN-B SEPCIN ELKOGENT GENTAX GEFCIN EYE/EAR DERMOGENT GENTAMYCIN OTOGEN-HC POLYGENTA POLYGENTA POLYGENTA OTOGEN OPTAGEN PROVATE-G PROVATE-G FORTIS FORTIS FORTIS GENTAPRED MECONA BETGENT BETGENT BETAGENT BETAGENT BETAGENT AMINOGENT BEPROGENT GENTACIL GENTACIL OCUGENT OCUGENT PRIMAGENT GENTAMYCIN GERMI GENXAT OPHTH-FLUOGEN GENTAMYCIN GENTAMYCIN LOTRICORT G LOTRICORT G ECONOPHEN G VEGENTA GENB GENB V-GENTA FURTIGENT MYGENT MYGENT MYGENT MYGENT MYGENT HYDROMYCIN HYDROMYCIN-B SUDOCIN SUDOCIN LARTEX LIRIN LIRIN BETAMYCIN BEPRONATE METHANATE-G MATNEG BETAWIS G BETAWIS G EPHAGENT EPHAGENT EPHAGENT G-OPTIN TRI-GMB GENTANIX B-GENTA GENTAMARK ISGENT GENTICYN-B GENTICYN-HC GENTICYN-HC GENTICYN PAED GENTICYN GENTICYN GENTICYN GENTICYN GENBET
Adult Dose
Dose: 4 to 8 mg
Single Dose: 6 (6)
Frequency: As recommended.
Route: Intra Thecal
Instructions: As Required
Neonatal
Dose: 2.5 mg/kg
Single Dose: 2.5 (2.5)
Frequency: 8 hourly
Route: Intramuscular
Instructions:
Paedriatic
Dose: 0.30%
Single Dose: 0.3 (0.3)
Frequency: 6 hourly
Route: Ear
Instructions: -
Characteristics
Gentamicin (Sulphate), Gentamicin (Sulphate) are the derivatives of Gentamicin. It is of Semi Synthetic origin and belongs to Aminoglycoside. It belongs to Amebicides pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action.
Contraindications
Gentamicin is contraindicated in conditions like Renal diseases,Hypersensitivity.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Gentamicin, which give rise to further complications include Encephalopathy, Convulsions, Hallucinations, Nephrotoxicity, Hallucinations, Neuromuscular blockage, Peripheral neuritis, Anaemia.Gentamicin produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Neuromuscular blockage, Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Gentamicin therapy.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Gentamicin are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Dizziness, Vertigo, Fever, Ototoxicity, Skin rashes, Exfoliative dermatitis, Eosinophilia, Purpura, Angioedema, Pyuria, Proteinuria, Azotemia, Cylindruria, Local allergies, Skin rashes, Cross sensitivity, dizziness.
Indications
'Gentamicin is primarily indicated in conditions like Acute diarrhoea, Bacterial infections, Biliary tract infections, Endocarditis, Food allergy, Muscle relaxation (intermediate duration) during intensive care, Muscle relaxation (intermediate duration) for surgery or intubation, Muscle relaxation (long duration) during intensive care, Pneumonia in hospital patients, Septicaemia, Ulcerative colitis and crohn''s disease, Urinary tract infection, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Solid tumor.'
Interactions
Gentamicin is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementAtracurium (Besylate)Coadministartoin results in severe respiratory depression by decreasing the release of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junction by interfering with calcium influx.MajorCoadministration must be avoided. Vital signs should closely monitored and dose adjustment is necessary. Coadministration must be avoided. Vital signs should closely monitored and dose adjustment is necessary. Coadministration must be avoided. Vital signs should closely monitored and dose adjustment is necessary.CapreomycinRespiratory paralysis and renal dysfunction risk is increased if this combination is used.MajorThis combination should be avoided.Cefaclor (Monohydrate)coadministration of gentamicin and cephalosporin (e.g cefaclor, cephaloridine) increase nephrotoxicity.CefotaximeCephradineCisplatinClindamycinCyclosporin ACytarabine (HCl)Ethacrynic AcidEthacrynic AcidDeafness may be more likely to occur if gentamycin is co-administered with IV ethacrynic acid.Floxacillin (Na)Foscarnet (Na)Frusemide or FurosemideFrusemide may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Gentamicin . Specifically, nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. ModerateMonitor toxic effects of Gentamicin if Furosemide is initiated or the dose is increased. This is probably of most concern if Furosemide is administered in high doses for extended periods of time.Hydrocortisonecoadministration may potentiate gentamicin nephrotoxicityIndomethacinIndomethacin potentiates gentamicin nephrotoxicity.Iotroxate (Meglumine)NeomycinRespiratory paralysis and renal dysfunction risk is increased if this combination is used.MajorThis combination should be avoided.Netilmicin (Sulphate)Respiratory paralysis and renal dysfunction risk is increased if this combination is used.MajorThis combination should be avoided.OxaliplatinYou should inform your doctor before using this combination.Do not start or stop any medicine without doctor or pharmacist approval.Pancuronium (Br)Gentamicin by interfering with Calcium influx decrease sensitivity of acetylcholine at postsynaptic membrane thus inhibit release of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junction resulting in severe respiratory depression and paralysis.Death may also reported due to additive effect of both drugs.MajorGentamicin is avoided when pancuronium is given during or immediately after surgery.Adjust dose.Protamine (Sulphate)Protamine sulfate has been shown to be incompatible with Gentamicin.Pyridostigmine (Br)SalsalateWhen Salsalate are combined with Gentamicin the blood levels of Gentamicin may increase, presumably because the elimination of Gentamicin is reduced. This may lead to side effects from Gentamicin.StreptomycinRespiratory paralysis and renal dysfunction risk is increased if this combination is used.MajorThis combination should be avoided.SulphacetamideTobramycinRespiratory paralysis and renal dysfunction risk is increased if this combination is used.MajorThis combination should be avoided.Vancomycin (HCl) These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Heparinized Blood Samples Elevation in serum aminotransferasesElevation in serum bilirubin
Risks
Drug should not be given to Pregnant Mothers, patients suffering from Kidney dysfunction, Geriatrics, and Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Inj, Eye Drops, Skin Oint or Cream Store at room temperature, Below 30°C. Do not Freeze.
Warnings
Gentamicin should be used with caution in patients with history of kidney diseases, vertigo, hearing loss, myasthenia gravis, parkinsonisms. It should be used with caution in patients who are sensitive to aminoglycosides. Keep patients well hydrated to prevent chemical irritation or nephrotoxic reactions. Take appropriate measures in case of secondary infections.
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