Ipilimumab

Ipilumumab is a T-cell potentiator, a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is a negative regulator of T-cell activation leading to tumor cell death. Ipilimumab is a monoclonal antibody (IgG1k) of fully human use which is indicated in the treatment of advanced (unrescectable or metastatic) melanoma in adults who have recieved prior therapy.


Brands
Adult Dose
Dose: 3 mg/kg
Single Dose: 3 (3)
Frequency: As recommended.
Route: IV
Instructions: Administer IV over 90 minute period. patient should recieve entire regimen in dilution (4 doses) as tolerated. assessment of tumor response should be conducted only after therapy. LFT & TFT should be evaluated at baseline before each dose of ipilimumab. must not be administer as an IV push or bolus. can be given as a dilution of NaCl 9mg/ml (0.9%) solution for injection or glucose 50mg/ml (5%) solution for injection to concentration between 1 & 4 mg/ml.
Neonatal
Paedriatic
Characteristics
It belongs to T-cell activator or potentiator pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action. The Molecular Weight of Ipilimumab is 148634.91. It is weakly alkaline drug.
Contraindications
Ipilimumab is contraindicated in conditions like Hypersensitivity.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Ipilimumab, which give rise to further complications include Hepatotoxicity, Abdominal pain, Elevated SGPT & SGOT, Hepatotoxicity, Enterocolitis, Aseptic meningitis, Hypophysitis.Ipilimumab produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Adrenal Insufficiency, Stevens Johnson syndrome, skin rash, GI perforation, Stevens Johnson syndrome, Severe diarrhea, hypothyroidism, Adrenal insufficiency, Toxic epidermal necrolysis, hyperthyroidism, GI hemorrhage, hypopituitarism. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Ipilimumab therapy.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Ipilimumab are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Fatigue, Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Abdominal pain, Rashes, Pruritus, Colitis, Hemolytic anemia, Dermatitis, Decreased appetite, Pneumonitis, Hepatitis, Iritis, Pancreatitis, Uveitis, esinophilia, lipase elevation, glomerulonephritis, amylase elevation, oxygen failure.
Indications
Ipilimumab is primarily indicated in conditions like advanced melanoma.
Interactions
No data regarding the interactions of Ipilimumab was found.
Interfrence
Risks
Drug should not be given to Paediatrics, Pregnant Mothers, patients suffering from Kidney dysfunction, and patients suffering from Liver Malfunction.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
injection Store in refrigerator. Do not Freeze. Protect from Sunlight.
Warnings
It can result in immune related adverse reactions which can be life threatening involving GI, liver, skin, nervous, endocrine and other organ system. ipilimumab is associated with inflammatory adverse reactions resulting from increase or exercise immune activity which can be severe. severe immune reactions can also occur. severe infusion reaction may occur as well. It should be avoided in patients with severe active immune disease. use with caution in patients who are on controlled sodium diet. Patient should be advised to take caution when driving or operating machinery.
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