Fingolimod

The first oral treatment for the relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis. It may replace current treatment with interferon-beta 1a intramuscular injections. It binds with high affinity to sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors. Blocks the capacity of lymphocytes to leave the lymph nodes, reducing their number in peripheral blood. Its exact mechanism of action in multiple sclerosis is unknown, but may involve reduction of lymphocyte migration into the central nervous system. It is indicated for the treatment of patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis to reduce frequency of relapses and to delay the accumulation of physical disability.

Brands
Adult Dose
Dose: 0.5 to 0.5 mg
Single Dose: 0.5 (0.5)
Frequency: 24 hourly
Route: PO
Instructions: can be taken with or without food.
Neonatal
Paedriatic
Characteristics
belongs to Immunomudulator. It belongs to Immune Modifiers pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action. The Molecular Weight of Fingolimod is 307.50. Its pKa is 7.82.
Contraindications
Fingolimod is contraindicated in conditions like Hepatitis,Tuberculosis,Immunocompromised patient,Malignancy,Severe liver impairment,Hypersensitivity to any component of product,Severe infections.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Fingolimod, which give rise to further complications include Hepatic impairment, Leukopenia.Fingolimod produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Macular edema, Life threatening infections, Varicella Zoster infection, Brian infection, Allergic reactions, Trouble breathing, Allergic reactions, Cancer, Hives, Rash, Severe liver toxicity. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Fingolimod therapy.The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Fingolimod include Bradycardia, Mild chest tightness or discomfort, Slow AV conduction.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Fingolimod are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Dizziness, Headache, Diarrhea, Blurred vision, Bradycardia, Depression, Cough, Asthenia, Bronchitis, Pneumonia, Hypertension, Migraine, Eye Pain, Sinusitis, Lymphopenia, Back pain, increased SGPT, Increased SGPT, Increased SGPT, Influenza viral infection, dizziness, Herpes viral infection.
Indications
Fingolimod is primarily indicated in conditions like Multiple sclerosis.
Interactions
No data regarding the interactions of Fingolimod was found.
Interfrence
Reduce blood lymphocytes count
Risks
Drug should not be given to Paediatrics, Pregnant Mothers, Cardiac / Hypertensive Patients, patients suffering from Kidney dysfunction, patients suffering from Liver Malfunction, Geriatrics, and Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Store Below 30°C. Protect from Moisture.
Warnings
It may decarease heart rate and AV conduction after the first dose. There is increased risk of infection. It may cause Macular edema, Hepatic dysfunction, decrease in pulmonary function tests, and Lympho and leukopenia. Fingolimod remains in blood for up to 2 months after dicontinuation. Other immunosuppressants should be avoided or used with caution during this time. Since fingolimod reduces blood lymphocyte counts via re-distribution in secondary lymphoid organs, peripheral blood lymphocyte counts cannot be utilised to evaluate the lymphocyte subset status of a patient treated with it. Laboratory tests involving the use of circulating mononuclear cells require larger blood volumes due to reduction in the number of circulating lymphocytes. QTc interval prolongation.
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