Desmopressin (Acetate)

Desmopressin is a long acting synthetic analog of 8-arginine vasopressin. It has an anti-diuretic to pressor ratio 4000 times than that of vasopressin, which is the pressor and antidiuretic principle of posterior lobe of pituitary gland. Desmopressin (Acetate) is used intranasally in diabetes insipidus and nocturnal enuresis.

Brands
MINIRIN MINIRIN MINIRIN MINIRIN OCTORIN OCTORIN
Adult Dose
Dose: 20 to 40 ug
Single Dose: 30 (30)
Frequency: As recommended.
Route: Intra Nasal
Instructions: Single dose or may be given in 2-3 divided doses.
Neonatal
Paedriatic
Dose: 0.04 ug/kg
Single Dose: 0.04 (0.04)
Frequency: As recommended.
Route: Intra Muscular
Instructions: Single dose recommended in diabetes incipidus
Characteristics
Desmopressin (Acetate) also known as 1 Desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin. . It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Polypeptide. It belongs to Vasopressin V2 agonist pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Posterior Pituitary Hormones pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Desmopressin (Acetate) is 1183.20. Its pKa is 4.8.
Contraindications
Desmopressin (Acetate) is contraindicated in conditions like Hypertension,Renal diseases,Cardiovascular disease.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Desmopressin (Acetate), which give rise to further complications include Cerebral & Coronary thrombosis.Desmopressin (Acetate) produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Hyponatremia, Hyponatremia. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Desmopressin (Acetate) therapy.The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Desmopressin (Acetate) include Seizures, Hypotonic hyponatremia.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Desmopressin (Acetate) are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Headache, Nausea, Abdominal cramps, Maculopapular rash, Flushing, Nasal congestion, Rhinitis.
Indications
'Desmopressin (Acetate) is primarily indicated in conditions like Diabetes insipidus, Haemophilia, Nocturnal enuresis, Post-lumbar puncture headache, Primary nocturnal enuresis, Renal function testing, Von willebrand''s disease, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Nocturia associated with multiple sclerosis, Polydipsia.'
Interactions
Desmopressin (Acetate) is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementAlcoholCarbamazepineChlorpropamideCimetidine (HCl)ClofibrateDemeclocycline (HCl)Fludrocortisone (Acetate)Heparin (Na) and Heparin (Cl)IbuprofenIndomethacinEffects of Desmopressin enhanced by Indomethacin.LithiumLoperamide (HCl)Plasma concentration of oral Desmopressin increased by Loperamide.Loperamide increase fastrointestinal absorption of desmopressin.Noradrenaline (Acid Tartrate) These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Cross reacts with some antisera raised against arginine vasoprossin & oxytocin
Risks
Drug should not be given to Pregnant Mothers, Cardiac / Hypertensive Patients, patients suffering from Kidney dysfunction, patients suffering from Liver Malfunction, Geriatrics, and Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Nasal Spray, Inj Store at room temperature, Below 25°C or in refrigerator. Do not Freeze. Use within 3 weeks if kept at room temperature.
Warnings
Desmopressin should be used with caution in patients with any blood clotting disorders (hemophilia or von Willebrands disease), cystic fibrosis, heart disease or any allergies. It should be used with caution during pregnancy. This medication must be used with caution in children and elderly patients since they may be more sensitive to its effects.
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