Cefuroxime

Cefuroxime is a second generation, semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic. Cephalosporins are derivatives of 7-aminocephalosporic acid and are closely related to penicillins in structure. Cephalosporins have a six membered sulfur containing ring adjoining a β lactam ring. Cefuroxime is a broad spectrum β lactamase resistant antibiotic effective against a wide range of gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Cefuroxime (Na) is less effective against gram positive bacterias than first generation drugs. Antibiotics require constant drug level in body for therapeutic effect. This is achieved by taking the medication at regular interval of time throughout the day and night as prescribed. Cefuroxime (Na) is important to take the drug for the full time period as prescribed. If you discontinue the therapy, it may result in ineffective treatment.


Adult Dose
Dose: 1.78 mg/kg
Single Dose: 1.8 (1.78)
Frequency: 12 hourly
Route: PO
Instructions: -
Neonatal
Dose: 10 mg/kg
Single Dose: 10 (10)
Frequency: 12 hourly
Route: maximum of 250mg daily. More than 3 months of age.
Instructions:
Paedriatic
Dose: 250 to 0 mg
Single Dose: 120 (125)
Frequency: 12 hourly
Route: otitus media over 2 years of age.
Instructions:
Characteristics
Cefuroxime (Na), Cefuroxime (Na) are the derivatives of Cefuroxime. It is of Semi Synthetic origin and belongs to Cephalosporin. It belongs to Peptidoglycan synthesis inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antibiotic, Cephalosporin-2nd Gen pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Cefuroxime is 424.40. Its pKa is 2.5.
Contraindications
Cefuroxime is contraindicated in conditions like Hypersensitivity.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Cefuroxime, which give rise to further complications include Pseudomembranous colitis, Urticaria, Thrombocytopenia, Hemolytic anemia, Skin rashes, Serum sickness, Hypersensitivity reactions, Drug fever, Thrombophlebitis, Leucopenia, Positive coombs test, Neutropenia, Pruritus.Cefuroxime produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Stevens Johnson syndrome, Erythema multiforme, Anaphylaxis, Toxic epidermal necrolysis. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Cefuroxime therapy.The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Cefuroxime include Convulsions, Cerebral irritation.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Cefuroxime are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Urticaria, Pruritus, Jaundice, Skin RashX, Pseudomembranous colitis, Elevation of liver enzymes, Drug fever, GI disturbance, Serum sickness, Erythema multiforme, Epidermal necrolysis, Interstitial nephritis.
Indications
Cefuroxime is primarily indicated in conditions like Acute bronchitis, Bone and joint infection, Chronic bronchitis, Cystitis, Early lyme disease, Genitourinary tract infections, Gonococcal infections, Gonorrhoea, Impetigo, Infected wounds, Late lyme disease prevention, Meningitis, Muscle relaxation (long duration) for surgery and intubation, NSAID-associated gastric or duodenal ulcers, Otitis media, Peritonitis, Pharyngitis, Pneumonia, Post-operative infections, Prophylaxis of acute rejection in allogenic renal transplantation, Pyelonephritis, Respiratory tract infections, Sinusitis, Skin infections, Soft tissue infections, Surgical prophylaxis, Urinary tract infection.
Interactions
No data regarding the interactions of Cefuroxime was found.
Interfrence
False +ve reaction to glucose in urine. Early +ve coombs test
Risks
Drug should not be given to Pregnant Mothers.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Dry Powder for Inj Store at room temperature. Protect from Sunlight. Oral Susp (reconstituted) Store in a well closed container, at room temperature, Below 25°C or in refrigerator. Do not Freeze. Use within 10 days if refrigerated and within 10 days if kept at room temperature. Premixed Frozen Soln for Inj Store Below -20°C. Tab, Syrup, Dry Powder for Oral Susp Store Below 40°C. Protect from Sunlight. Thawed Store at room temperature or refrigerator. Use within 7days if refrigerated and within 24 hrs if kept at room temperature.
Warnings
Cefuroxime axetil may be given to the patient who are hypersensitive to penicillins, although cross-reactions have been reported. Special care is indicated in patients who have experienced penicillin anaphylaxis. prolong use may result in the over-growth of non-suseptible organisms. Cefuroxime should be used with caution in patients with impaired kidney or liver function, hypersensitive to penicillin. Caution is required in early months of pregnancy and in nursing mothers. Appropriate measures should be taken if secondary infection occurs. Reduce dosage when renal function is markedly impaired. High doses should be given with caution along with potent diuretics and aminoglycosides.
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