Loxapine

Loxapine, a dibenzoxazepine compound, represents a subclass of tricyclic antipsychotic agents, chemically distinct from the thioxanthenes, butyrophenones, and phenothiazines. Pharmacologically, Loxapine is a tranquilizer for which the exact mode of action has not been established.

Brands
Adult Dose
Dose: 60 to 100 mg
Single Dose: 80 (80)
Frequency: As recommended.
Route: PO
Instructions:
Neonatal
Paedriatic
Characteristics
belongs to Dibenzoxazepine. . The Molecular Weight of Loxapine is 327.81.
Contraindications
Loxapine is contraindicated in conditions like Depression,Comatose states,Hypersensitivity to the drug.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Loxapine, which give rise to further complications include Tardive dyskinesia, Akathisia.The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Loxapine include Hypotension, Renal failure, CNS depression, Neuroleptic malignant syndrome.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Loxapine are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Dizziness, Headache, Drowsiness, Dyspnea, Insomnia, Facial flushing, Weight gain, Tremor, Nausea and vomiting, Light headedness, Weight loss, Faintness, Agitation, Ptosis, Tension, Polydipsia, dizziness, faintness, Seborrhoea, Pevasthesias.
Indications
Loxapine is primarily indicated in conditions like Psychotic illness, Schizophrenia.
Interactions
Loxapine is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementLorazepamThere have been rare reports of significant respiratory depression, stupor and/or hypotension with the concomitant use of loxapine and lorazepam. VORICONAZOLEAdditive QTc prolongation may occur. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for QTc prolongation These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Risks
If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Warnings
Loxapine should be used with extreme caution in patients with a history of convulsive disorders, since it lowers the convulsive threshold. Seizures have been reported in epileptic patients receiving loxapine at antipsychotic dose levels and may occur even with maintenance of routine anticonvulsant drug therapy. Use loxapine with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease. Increased pulse rate and transient hypotension have both been reported in patients receiving antipsychotic doses. In the presence of severe hypotension requiring vasopressor therapy, the preferred drugs would be levarterenol or phenylephrine. Avoid the use of epinephrine in these cases. Although clinical experience has not demonstrated ocular toxicity, careful observation should be made for pigmentary retinopathy and lenticular pigmentation, since these have been observed in some patients receiving certain other antipsychotic drugs for prolonged periods.
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