Amphetamine

Amphetamine was synthesized in 1887 by Lazar Edeleanu at the University of Berlin,initially it was used to diminish the appetite and to control weight .The drug is also used illegally as a recreational drug and as a performance enhancer.It is used by U.S military to combat fatigue and increase wakefulness.


Brands
Adult Dose
Dose: 0.9 mg/kg daily
Single Dose: 0.9 (0.9)
Frequency: As recommended.
Route: Oral
Instructions: For Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Conventional tablets: Rarely dose may be exceed to 40 mg daily. Tolerance is more likely with relatively high dosages. Long-term use has not been studied systematically. If used for long-term therapy, periodically reevaluate the usefulness of the drug.
Neonatal
Paedriatic
Characteristics
. It is of Synthetic origin. It belongs to Syumpathomimetic pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Amphetamine is 135.21. Its pKa is 10.1.
Contraindications
Amphetamine is contraindicated in conditions like Hyperthyroidism,Glaucoma,Arteriosclerosis,Alcohol abuse.
Effects
The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Amphetamine include Seizures, Confusion, Hallucinations, Tremor, Restlessness, Agressive behavior, Irregularities in heart rhythm, Rapid breathing.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Amphetamine are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Headache, Diarrhea, Anxiety, Constipation, Insomnia, Impotence.
Indications
Amphetamine is primarily indicated in conditions like Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Narcolepsy.
Interactions
Amphetamine is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementAcetazolamide (Na)Acetazolamide reduce urinary excretion and enhance pharmacological effectMetrizamideIntrathecal administration of iodinated contrast media may induce seizures. Although clinical data are generally lacking, there may be a theoretical risk of increased seizure.MajorDrugs that can lower the seizure threshold should preferably be withheld for at least 48 hours prior to and 24 hours following intrathecal administration of iodinated contrast media, provided that temporary interruption of therapy does not pose an undue risk to the patient. Otherwise, close monitoring is advised during and after contrast administration. These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Risks
Drug should not be given to Cardiac / Hypertensive Patients, and Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Tabs, Extended release capsules, Caps Store . Protect from Sunlight, Moisture and Heat.
Warnings
It is habit forming,you can become physically and psycologically dependent on this medication. Amphetamines may impair the ability of the patient to engage in potentially hazardous activities such as operating machinery or vehicles, the patient should therefore be cautioned accordingly.Prescribers or other health professionals should inform patients, their families, and their caregivers about the benefits and risks associated with treatment with amphetamine and should counsel them in its appropriate use
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