Cidofovir

Cidofovir is a nucleoside analogue, active against herpesviruses. Cidofovir is used in the treatment of CMV (cytomegalovirus) retinitis in AIDS patients. When phosphorylated acts both as a potent inhibitor or as an alternative substrate for viral DNA polymerase, competitively inhibiting DNA synthesis and becoming incorporated into the viral DNA chain.

Brands
Adult Dose
Dose: 5 mg/kg
Single Dose: 5 (5)
Frequency: As recommended.
Route: IV
Instructions: Adult induction: Once weekly for 2 consecutive weeks.
Neonatal
Paedriatic
Characteristics
. It is of Synthetic origin. .
Contraindications
Cidofovir is contraindicated in conditions like Breast feeding.
Effects
The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Cidofovir are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Alopecia, Fever, Asthenia, Nausea and vomiting, Iritis, Decreased intra-ocular pressure.
Indications
Cidofovir is primarily indicated in conditions like Cytomegalovirus retinitis, Induction and maintenance of anaesthesia, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Galactorrhoea, Hypogonadism, Infertility.
Interactions
Cidofovir is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementTenofovir DisoproxilCidofovir may also increase serum concentrations of tenofovir. These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Urinanalysis
Risks
Drug should not be given to Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Warnings
Cidofovir should be given with extreme caution in renal impairment, monitorrenal function (serum creatinine and urinary protein) and neutrophil count within 24 hours before each dose; co-treatment with probenecid and prior hydration with I/V fluids necessary to minimize potential nephrotoxicity; diabetes mellitus (increased risk of ocular hypotonicity). NEPHROTOXICITY: Do not initiate treatment in renal impairment (assess creatinine clearance and proteinuria); discontinue treatment and hydrate with I/V fluids if detrioration of renal function occurs. OCULAR DISORDERS: regular opthalmological preparations recommended; iritis and uveitis have been reported which may respond to a corticosteroid with or without a cycloplegic drug-----discontinue cidofovir if no response to atopical corticosteroid or if condition worsens, or if iritis or uveitis recurs after successful treatment.
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