Linezolid

Linezolid is a synthetic antibacterial, belongs to oxazolidinone class. Linezolid is active against gram +ve bacteria including staphylococci. streptococci, enterococci, gram +ve anaerobic cocci, and gram +ve rods. It has poor activity against gram -ve aerobic and anaerobic organisms. Linezolid is bacteriostatic against enterococci and staphylococci and bactericidal against streptococci. It produces its action by inhibiting protein synthesis within the bacterial cell. Linezolid is used in the treatment of infections caused by vancomycin-resistant E. faecium; nosocomial pneumonia caused by methicillin-susceptible and resistant strains of S. aureus, and complicated skin and soft tissue infections caused by gram +ve bacteria.


Adult Dose
Neonatal
Paedriatic
Dose: 10 mg/kg
Single Dose: 10 (10)
Frequency: 8 hourly
Route: Orally
Instructions:
Characteristics
. It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Oxazolidine. . The Molecular Weight of Linezolid is 337.50. Its pKa is 0.47.
Contraindications
Linezolid is contraindicated in conditions like Breast feeding.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Linezolid, which give rise to further complications include Convulsions, Stevens johnson syndrome, Stevens johnson syndrome, Leucopenia, Pancytopenia, Abnormal liver function, Anaemia, Lactic acidosis.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Linezolid are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Dizziness, Headache, Fatigue, Diarrhea, Fever, Constipation, Insomnia, Tinnitus, Dry mouth, Rashes, Urticaria, Pruritus, Hypotension, Nausea and vomiting, Tongue discoloration, Neuropathy, Dry mouth, dizziness.
Indications
Linezolid is primarily indicated in conditions like Pneumonia, Respiratory tract infections, Severe or recurrent duodenal and gastric ulcertion, Skin infections.
Interactions
Linezolid is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementAdrenalineDapoxetine HCl may lead to an incidence of serotonin associated effectsDapoxetine should not be used in combination with other SSRIs, MAOIs or other serotonergic medicinal/herbal products Dopamine (HCl)Phenylpropanolamine (HCl)Pseudoephedrine (HCl)Vortioxetineincrease toxicity of vortioxetinenever use combination These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Risks
If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Store in a well closed container, .
Warnings
Linezolid should be used with caution in patients with hepatic impairment; renal impairment; pregnancy (use only if potential benefit outweighs risk); monitor full blood count (including platelet count) weekly uless close observation and blood-pressure monitoring possible, avoid in uncontrolled hypertension, phaeocytochroma, carcinoid tumour, thyrotoxicosis, bipolar depression, schizophrenia, or acute confusional states. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition: Linezolid is a reversible, non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Patients should avoid consuming large amounts of tyramine-rich foods (such as mature cheese, yeast extracts, undistilled alcoholic beverages and fermented soya bean products). In addition, Linezolid should not be given with another MAOI or within two weeks of stopping another MAOI.Unless close observation and blood-pressure monitoringis possible, avoid in those receiving SSRIs, 5HT1 agonists (triptans), tricyclic antidepressants, sympathomimitics, dopaminergics, buspirone, pethidine and possibly other opiod analgesics.
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