Chlorpromazine (HCl)

Chlorpromazine (HCl) is the hydrochloride salt of chlorpromazine which is a phenothiazine derivative. It is used as an antiemetic, antipsychotic and tranquilizer. Chlorpromazine (HCl) is administered by rectal suppositories.


Adult Dose
Dose: 25 to 50 mg
Single Dose: 38 (37.5)
Frequency: As recommended.
Route: IV,IM
Instructions: Repeated every 6-8 hours.
Neonatal
Dose: 0.5 mg/kg
Single Dose: 0.5 (0.5)
Frequency: 4 hourly
Route: Intramuscular
Instructions:
Paedriatic
Dose: 0.5 mg/kg
Single Dose: 0.5 (0.5)
Frequency: 6 hourly
Route: Intra Muscular
Instructions: Should not be used under 6 months of age.
Characteristics
Chlorpromazine (HCl) also known as . Thorazine, Thorazine, Thorazine are the derivatives of Chlorpromazine (HCl). It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Phenothiazine. It belongs to D2 antagonist pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antiemetic/Antivertigo Agents and Antipsychotic Agent pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Chlorpromazine (HCl) is 355.30. Its pKa is 9.3.
Contraindications
'Chlorpromazine (HCl) is contraindicated in conditions like Epilepsy,Myasthenia gravis,Narrow-angle glaucoma,Parkinson''s disease,Depressed level of conciousness.'
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Chlorpromazine (HCl), which give rise to further complications include Cholestatic jaundice, Cholestatic jaundice, Photosensitivity, Paralytic ileus, Impotence, Blood dyscrasias, Gynecomastia, Respiratory failure, bilirubinemia, icterus, blood dyscrasias.Chlorpromazine (HCl) produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Seizures, Blood dyscrasias, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, Temperature disorders, Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, Ventricular arrhythmias, Jaundice, Tradive dyskinesia. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Chlorpromazine (HCl) therapy.The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Chlorpromazine (HCl) include Tachycardia, Hypothermia, Tachypnea, Decreased diastolic BP.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Chlorpromazine (HCl) are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Dizziness, Headache, Drowsiness, Constipation, Insomnia, Skin rashes, Dry mouth, Blurred vision, Allergic reactions, Akathisia, Nasal stiffiness, Weight gain, Diaphoresis, Acute dystonia, Skin pigmentation, Faintness, Decrease in libido, Galactorrhea, HyperprolactinemiaX, Adverse behavioral reactions, Amenorrhea, Xerostomia, Ocular complicaions, Urinary retention, Dry mouth, Skin rashes, dizziness, faintness, Palpitations, anticholnergic efforts, worsening of glaucoma.
Indications
Chlorpromazine (HCl) is primarily indicated in conditions like Agitation, Agitation and restlessness in the elderly, Autism, Childhood schizophrenia, Conduct disorder with hyperactivity, Control of agitated states in elderly without confusion, Enhance permeation of SC or IM inj, Hiccup due to gastric distension in palliative care, Induction of labour, Intractable hiccup, Locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer, Mania, NSAID-associated gastric and duodenal ulcers, Prevention and treatment of haemorrhage due to incomplete abortion, Prevention of vascular headache, Prostate cancer, Psychosis, Renal function testing, Rhinitis, Schizophrenia and other psychoses, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Comatose states, Hiccup, Induction of hypothermia, Muscular spasm, Nausea and vomiting, Porphyria, Pre-operative sedation, Restlessness and confusion in palliative care.
Interactions
Chlorpromazine (HCl) is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementAlcoholBelladonaAntimuscarinics reduce plasma concentration of phenothiazine (e.g Chlorpromazine), but risk of antimuscarinic side-effects increased. Benzhexol (HCl)Benztropine (Mesylate)Antimuscarinics (e.g Benztropine) possibly reduce plasma concentration of Chlorpromazine.Bethanidine (Sulphate)Bovine InsulinCimetidine (HCl)Cimetidine reduces the therapeutic effects of chlorpromazine.MinorReduce the dose of chlorpromazine if necessaryClonidine (HCl)Clonidine (HCl)CyclophosphamideDebrisoquine (Sulphate)Dexamphetamine (Sulphate)DiazoxideEnhanced hypotensive effect when Diazoxide Chlorpromazine.DisulfiramEpirubicinFosphenytoinGlibornurideGliquidoneGuanethidineGuanethidineHalothaneHuman InsulinHydroxocobalaminImipramine (HCl)Insulin LisproLithiumMetacycline (HCl)Chlorpromazine (HCl), fluphenazine and other phenothizines causes extrapyramidal reactions.Metformin (HCl)Chlorpromazine decreases the hypoglycemic effect of metformin by interfering with blood glucose control. ModerateClosely monitor the blood glucose level. Adjust the dose of metformin accordingly.MethyldopaMethyldopaMethylphenidate (HCl)Metoclopramide (HCl)Nalidixic AcidNitroglycerinsimultaneous use of nitroglycerin and phenothizines may cause orthostatic hypotension PerindoprilTheoretical potential for CHLORPROMAZINE increasing the HYPOTENSIVE effect of Perindopril Erbumine. ModeratePethidine (HCl)Phenytoin (Na)PiperazinePorcine InsulinPotassium ClorazepateEffects of Potassium Clorazepate may be potentiated by Chlorpromazine (HCl).PramipexoleChlorpromazine (HCl) may decrease the efficiency of pramipexole due to dopamine antagonism.Propranolol (HCl)ProtirelinRiboflavin (Vitamin B2)Chlorpromazine may lower riboflavin levels.TerazosinThalidomideVortioxetineincreases the level of vortioxetinemonitor closely, use alternative These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Urinary Ferric Chloride test for phenylketonuria may be falsely positive. Immunological Tests for Pregnancy may be falsely positive. Altered urinary excretion of vanillylmandelic acid, 17-ketosteroids and 17-OH corticosteroids.
Risks
Drug should not be given to Paediatrics, Pregnant Mothers, Geriatrics, and Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Syrup, Inj Store Below 40°C. Do not Freeze. Protect from Sunlight. Tab Store in a well closed container, Below 40°C. Protect from Sunlight.
Warnings
Chlorpromazine should be used with caution in patients exposed to extreme heat or phosphorus insecticides, patients in state of alcohol withdrawal, patients with history of peptic ulcer, allergic reactions, with renal impairment, prostatic hypertrophy. Photosensitization may occur, caution patients to take appropriate measures (e.g.wear protective clothing or sunscreen) against exposure to sunlight or ultra violet light. Discontinue use atleast 48 hours before myelography.
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