Amifostine

Amifostine is a phosphorylated sulfhydryl-containing prodrug developed by the military for use in the event of nuclear warfare. Once activated by alkaline phosphatase, it protects bone marrow stem cells as well as other normal cells from the damaging effects of cytotoxic therapy. Unlike other thiols, such as sodium thiosulfate and diethyldithiocarbamate, which protect both normal and tumor cells, it has cytoprotective effects only for normal tissues. Amifostine is used for the prevention of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in ovarian and lung cancer patients.

Brands
AMIFOS
Adult Dose
Dose: 740 to 910 mg/m.sq
Single Dose: 820 (825)
Frequency: As recommended.
Route: IV
Instructions: For cisplatin-induced renal toxicity: once daily 30min prior to cytotoxic therapy.
Neonatal
Paedriatic
Dose: 740 to 740 mg/m2
Single Dose: 740 (740)
Frequency: As recommended.
Route: IV
Instructions: To reduce cisplatin induced renal toxicity, if doses of cisplatin of less than 100mg/m2 are used. Gi
Characteristics
Amifostine also known as Ethiofos, Ethiofos. . It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Amifostine Momohydrate. . The Molecular Weight of Amifostine is 214.20. Its pKa is
Contraindications
Amifostine is contraindicated in conditions like Cardiac arrhythmia,Heart failure,Hypocalcaemia,Hypotension,Cerebrovascular disease,Dehydration.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Amifostine, which give rise to further complications include Hypotension, Hypotension, Hypocalcemia.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Amifostine are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Dizziness, Drowsiness, Chills, Rashes, Sedation, Somnolence, Flushing, Nausea and vomiting, Sneezing, Hiccups, Stevens Johnson syndrome, Toxic epidermal necrolysis, dizziness, rashes.
Indications
Amifostine is primarily indicated in conditions like Ovarian cancer, Prevention of xerostomia, Solid tumor.
Interactions
Amifostine is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementLevamisoleTorasemideTorasemide may increase the hypotensive effect of Amifostine.At chemotherapeutic doses of Amifostine, Torasemide should be withheld for 24 hours prior to Amifostine administration. Use caution at lower doses of Amifostine. These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Risks
Drug should not be given to Pregnant Mothers, Cardiac / Hypertensive Patients, patients suffering from Kidney dysfunction, and Geriatrics.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Warnings
Tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to amifostine. Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding should tell their doctors before they begin taking this drug. You should know that the most common side effect of amifostine is a decrease in blood pressure, which may start while the drug is being given and lasts about 6 minutes. Do not breast feed while taking this medication. For both men and women: Do not conceive a child (get pregnant) while taking amifostine. Barrier methods of contraception, such as condoms, are recommendedDiscontinue Antihypertensive drugs 24 hours before starting amifostine.|
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