Chlorambucil

Chlorambucil is an alkylating agent of nitrogen mustard group, also known as anti-cancerous drug. All alkylating agents have or can form an alkyl group that becomes covalently bound to cellular constituents. Chlorambucil is effective in the treatment of different cancers such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia, multiple myeloma, and lymphosarcoma. Aministered orally. Chlorambucil is used in combination with other anticancerous drugs to obtain best therapeutic effects and to minimize side effects or toxicities.

Brands
Adult Dose
Dose: 0.057 to 0.142 mg/kg
Single Dose: 0.1 (0.0995)
Frequency: 24 hourly
Route: PO
Instructions: For 3-6 Weeks, As Required
Neonatal
Dose: No indication for use in neonates
Single Dose:
Frequency:
Route:
Instructions:
Paedriatic
Dose: 0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg
Single Dose: 0.15 (0.15)
Frequency: 24 hourly
Route: Oral
Instructions: -
Characteristics
Chlorambucil also known as Chloraminophene. . It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Alanine mustard. It belongs to Alkylating Agents pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antineoplastic Agent, Alkylating Agent pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Chlorambucil is 304.20. Its pKa is 5.8.
Contraindications
Chlorambucil is contraindicated in conditions like Thrombocytopenia,Leukopenia.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Chlorambucil, which give rise to further complications include Hepatotoxicity, Marrow failure, Amenorrhea, Azoospermia, Hepatotoxicity, Ovarian function suppression.Chlorambucil produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Bone marrow suppression, Neutropenia, Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, Chromosome damage, Lymphocytopenia. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Chlorambucil therapy.The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Chlorambucil include Neurotoxicity, Ataxia, Grand Mal Seizures (epilepsy), Irreversible marrow failure, Agitation.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Chlorambucil are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Skin rash, Oral ulceration, Hypersensitivity reactions, Cystitis, Abdominal discomfort, Stevens Johnson syndrome.
Indications
'Chlorambucil is primarily indicated in conditions like Breast cancer, Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, Hodgkin''s disease, Leukaemia, Macroglobulinemia, Non-hodgkin''s lymphoma, Non-hodgkin''s lymphoma, Ovarian cancer, Waldenstrom''s macroglobulinaemia.'
Interactions
No data regarding the interactions of Chlorambucil was found.
Interfrence
Risks
Drug should not be given to Pregnant Mothers, patients suffering from Kidney dysfunction, patients suffering from Liver Malfunction, and Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Tab Store Below 40°C.
Warnings
Chlorambucil can lower body ability to fight an infection, consult the doctor if any signs of an infection such as fever, sore throat, rash or chills appear. It should be used with caution in patients with gout, kidney stones or history of seizure or head injury. Do not have immunizations or vaccinations without consent of doctor and avoid contact with people who have recently received oral polio vaccine. This medication is not recommended for use in pregnant or nursing women There is leucopenia or thrombocytopenia due to marrow infilteration of secondary to previous cytotoxic chemotherapy.Treatment with this any may couse furthure supperssion .So, should be given with caution after radiotherapy.
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