Cephalothin (Na)

Cephalothin is a first generation, semisynthetic analogue of natural cephalosporin antibiotic. Cephalosporins are derivatives of 7-aminocephalosporic acid and are closely related to penicillins in structure. Cephalosporins have a six membered sulfur containing ring adjoining a β lactam ring. Cephalothin is effective against gram positive and gram negative bacterias. Antibiotics require constant drug level in body for therapeutic effect. This is achieved by taking the medication at regular interval of time throughout the day and night as prescribed. Cephalothin (Na) is important to take the drug for the full time period as prescribed. If you discontinue the therapy, it may result in ineffective treatment.

Brands
Adult Dose
Dose: 7.142 mg/kg
Single Dose: 7.1 (7.142)
Frequency: 6 hourly
Route: Slow IV
Instructions: -
Neonatal
Dose: 20 mg/kg
Single Dose: 20 (20)
Frequency: 8 hourly
Route: Intravenous
Instructions:
Paedriatic
Dose: 80 to 160 mg/kg
Single Dose: 120 (120)
Frequency: 4 hourly
Route: Intra Venous
Instructions: Up to 12g daily in serve infection.
Characteristics
Cephalothin (Na) also known as Cefalotin Sodium. . It is of Semi Synthetic origin and belongs to Cephalosporin. It belongs to Peptidoglycan synthesis inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antibiotics pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Cephalothin (Na) is 418.40. It is weakly alkaline drug, 6.80% solution of the drug is isotonic and Its pKa is 2.2.
Contraindications
Cephalothin (Na) is contraindicated in conditions like Hypersensitivity.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Cephalothin (Na), which give rise to further complications include Nephrotoxicity, Hemolytic anemia.Cephalothin (Na) produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Anaphylaxis, Serum sickness syndrome. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Cephalothin (Na) therapy.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Cephalothin (Na) are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Rashes, Urticaria, Allergic reactions, Thrombophlebitis, Pain at injection site.
Indications
Cephalothin (Na) is primarily indicated in conditions like Bone and joint infection, CVS infections, Genitourinary tract infections, Respiratory tract infections, Soft tissue and skin infections, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Peritonitis, Septic abortion, Surgical prophylaxis.
Interactions
Cephalothin (Na) is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementCalcium GluconateDiphenhydramineCephalothin (Na) can percipate the drug. It inhibits cyp 2D6 enzyme.Frusemide or FurosemidePenicillaminePolymyxin B (Sulphate) These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
False Positive Coombs Test associated with hemolytic anemia. Estimation of Serum Creatinine using Jaffe method. False +ve reaction for urinary glucose using benedicts/Fehling slon.
Risks
Drug should not be given to Paediatrics, Pregnant Mothers, and patients suffering from Kidney dysfunction.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
IV Inj, IV Inf Store in a well closed container, at room temperature. Protect from Sunlight.
Warnings
Cephalothin should be used with caution in patients with impaired kidney or liver function. Appropriate measure should be taken if secondary infection occurs. It should be used with caution (if contains tartrazine) in patients with aspirin hypersensitivity, because it may cause allergic reactions (including bronchial asthma).
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