Oxacillin

Oxacillin is an isoxazolyl antistaphylococcal penicillin used similarly to fluclit. Oxacillin is mainly used in the treatment of infections caused by penicillinase-resistant strains of staphylococci, including bacteremia, skin and soft-tissue infections, respiratory tract infections, bone and joint infections, and urinary tract infections. It inhibits the third and final stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis by preferentially binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) that are located inside the bacterial cell wall. Like all β-lactam antibiotics, it''s ability to interfere with PBP-mediated cell wall synthesis ultimately leads to cell lysis. It was approved by the FDA in 1962.'

Brands
Adult Dose
Dose: 1 g
Single Dose: 1 (1)
Frequency: 6 hourly
Route: IV
Instructions: For severe infections: should be given every 4-6 hrs.
Neonatal
Paedriatic
Dose: 500 to 250 mg
Single Dose: 380 (375)
Frequency: 6 hourly
Route: IV or IM
Instructions: For children weighing 40kg 1g every 4 to 6 hrs can be given in severe infections.
Characteristics
. It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to isooxyc Penicillin. . The Molecular Weight of Oxacillin is 441.40. It is weakly acidic drug.
Contraindications
Oxacillin is contraindicated in conditions like Allergy,Hypersensitivity to any component of product.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Oxacillin, which give rise to further complications include Hepatitis, Cholestatic jaundice, Cholestatic jaundice, Neutropenia, Agranulocytosis.Oxacillin produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Anaphylactic shock. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Oxacillin therapy.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Oxacillin are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Nausea, Vomiting, Skin RashX, GI upset, Hypersensitivity reactions, Stomach pain, Vaginal Itching.
Indications
Oxacillin is primarily indicated in conditions like Staphylococcal infections.
Interactions
Oxacillin is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementChloramphenicolFosphenytoinProbenecidTetracycline (HCl) These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Urinanalysis Liver Function Test (LFT) Periodic BUN and creatinine determinations
Risks
Drug should not be given to Paediatrics, Cardiac / Hypertensive Patients, and patients suffering from Kidney dysfunction.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Cap Store in a well closed container, at room temperature. IM Inj (after reconstituted) Store at room temperature, Below 20°C or in refrigerator. Use within 7 days if refrigerated and within 3 days if kept at room temperature. Oral Soln (reconstituted) Store at room temperature or refrigerator. Do not Freeze. Use within 2 weeks if refrigerated and within 3 days if kept at room temperature.
Warnings
Elimination rate will be slow in neonates. Modify dosage in patients with renal impairment and in the elderly. Use with caution in patients with cephalosporin hypersensitivity.
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