Rifabutin

Rifabutin is rifamycin antibiotic with a spectrum of antibacterial activity similar to that of rifampicin. Rifabutin is used for the prophylaxis of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection in immunocompromised patients and for the treatment of opportunistic mycobacterial infections including tuberculosis (T.B).

Brands
Adult Dose
Neonatal
Paedriatic
Characteristics
. It is of Semi Synthetic origin. . The Molecular Weight of Rifabutin is 847.00. Its pKa is - 6.9.
Contraindications
Rifabutin
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Rifabutin, which give rise to further complications include Anemia, Thrombocytopenia, Jaundice, Leucopenia, Shock, Uveitis.Rifabutin produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Bone marrow dyscrosis. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Rifabutin therapy.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Rifabutin are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Fever, Myalgia, Erythema, Nausea and vomiting.
Indications
Rifabutin is primarily indicated in conditions like Infection with non-t.b. Mycobacteria, Prophylaxis of TB, Pulmonary TB, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Adjunct in the treatment of opiod dependence, Adjunctive therapy without valproate, Brucellosis, Cytotoxic-induced neutropenia, Legionellae, Leprosy, Reversal of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockade, Staphylococcal infections.
Interactions
Rifabutin is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementAmprenavirAmprenavir increases plasma concentration of Rifabutin. MajorReduce dose of RifabutinArtesunateConcurrent use may decrease artesunate serum concentrations. Avoid co-administration if possible. Monitor closely for therapeutic efficacy. Artesunate dose may need to be increased with co-administration.ClarithromycinCyclosporin ADolutegravirRifabutin lowers dolutegravir CminDolutegravir dose should be increased when coadministered with rifabutinErlotinibDecreased levels/effect of erlotinibFluconazoleIndinavir (Sulphate)NelfinavirNevirapinePara-Amino Salicylic AcidPhenytoin (Na)PioglitazoneQuinidineRitonavirSaquinavirSunitinibVemurafenibRifabutin induces P-gp and CYP3A4.VORICONAZOLERifabutin may decrease the serum concentration of voriconazole likely by increasing its metabolism Concomitant therapy is contraindicated.Warfarin (Na)Zidovudine These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Risks
Drug should not be given to Pregnant Mothers, and patients suffering from Liver Malfunction.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Caps Store in a well closed container, at room temperature.
Warnings
It should be used with caution in patients with liver problems. It should be used during pregnancy or lactation only if clearly needed. Alcohol can reduce the effectiveness of this medication and increase side effects, minimize alcohol consumption while taking drug. Rifabutin can decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
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