Bupropion (HCl)

Bupropion (HCl) is an antidepressant chemically unrelated to other classes of antidepressants. It weakly inhibits the neuronal reuptake of serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline.Bupropion (HCl) is also used as an aid to smoking cessation in combination with motivational support.


Adult Dose
Dose: 150 mg
Single Dose: 150 (150)
Frequency: 24 hourly
Route: PO
Instructions: Initially for 6 days.Then 150 mg BD. Max. daily dose 300 mg.
Neonatal
Paedriatic
Characteristics
. It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Amino propanone. . The Molecular Weight of Bupropion (HCl) is 276.20. Its pKa is 7.9.
Contraindications
Bupropion (HCl) is contraindicated in conditions like Brain tumors,Pregnancy,Seizures,Head injury,Breast feeding.
Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Bupropion (HCl), which give rise to further complications include Eosinophilia, Neuropsychiatric disturbances.Bupropion (HCl) produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Seizures. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Bupropion (HCl) therapy.The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Bupropion (HCl) include Tachycardia, Seizures, Hallucinations, Cardiovascular collapse, Loss of conciousness.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Bupropion (HCl) are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Headache, Nausea, Vomiting, Constipation, Insomnia, Dry mouth, Weight LossX, Tremor, Agitation, Menstrual irregularity.
Indications
Bupropion (HCl) is primarily indicated in conditions like Depression.
Interactions
Bupropion (HCl) is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementCarbamazepinePlasma concentration of Bupropion reduced by Carbamazepine.Cimetidine (HCl)Diphenyl PyralineFluoxetine (HCl)FluspirileneLikely interaction of FLUSPIRILENE increasing the CONVULSANT effect of BUPROPION. May need to avoid combination.ModerateIprindoleLikely interaction of IPRINDOLE increasing the CONVULSANT effect of BUPROPION. Moderate risk.ModerateMay need to avoid combination.Iproniazid PhosphateLikely interaction of IPRONIAZID increasing the CONVULSANT effect of BUPROPION. ModerateMay need to avoid combination.LevodopaIncreased risk of side effects when Bupropion given with Levodopa.LithiumLofepramine (HCl)Likely interaction of LOFEPRAMINE increasing the CONVULSANT effect of BUPROPION. ModerateMay need to avoid combinationMoclobemideADVICE: Avoid concomitant use with Moclobemide.MajorOpiumConcurrent use may increase a dose-related risk of seizures. OxymorphoneThe use of bupropion is associated with a dose-related risk of seizures. The estimated incidence of seizures is approximately 0.1% at dosages up to 300 mg/day and 0.4% at dosages between 300 to 450 mg/day, but increases almost tenfold between 450 mg and 600 mg/day. The risk may also be increased during coadministration with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI antidepressants or anorectics), monoamine oxidase inhibitors, neuroleptic agents, central nervous system stimulants, opioids, tricyclic antidepressants, other tricyclic compounds (e.g., cyclobenzaprine, phenothiazines), systemic steroids, and/or any substance that can reduce the seizure threshold (e.g., carbapenems, cholinergic agents, fluoroquinolones, interferons, chloroquine, mefloquine, lindane, theophylline). These agents are often individually epileptogenic and may have additive effects when combined.MajorExtreme caution is advised if bupropion is administered with any substance that can reduce the seizure threshold, particularly in the elderly and in patients with a history of seizures or other risk factors for seizures (e.g., head trauma; brain tumor; severe hepatic cirrhosis; metabolic disorders; CNS infections; excessive use of alcohol or sedatives; addiction to opiates, cocaine, or stimulants; diabetes treated with oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin). Bupropion as well as concomitant medications should be initiated at the lower end of the dose range and titrated gradually if feasible. The total dose of bupropion should generally not exceed 450 mg/day (or 150 mg every other day in patients with severe hepatic cirrhosis). Bupropion should be discontinued and not restarted in patients who experience a seizure during treatment.OxypertineLikely interaction of OXYPERTINE increasing the CONVULSANT effect of BUPROPION. ModerateParegoricThe use of bupropion is associated with a dose-related risk of seizures. The estimated incidence of seizures is approximately 0.1% at dosages up to 300 mg/day and 0.4% at dosages between 300 to 450 mg/day, but increases almost tenfold between 450 mg and 600 mg/day. The risk may also be increased during coadministration with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI antidepressants or anorectics), monoamine oxidase inhibitors, neuroleptic agents, central nervous system stimulants, opioids, tricyclic antidepressants, other tricyclic compounds (e.g., cyclobenzaprine, phenothiazines), systemic steroids, and/or any substance that can reduce the seizure threshold (e.g., carbapenems, cholinergic agents, fluoroquinolones, interferons, chloroquine, mefloquine, lindane, theophylline). These agents are often individually epileptogenic and may have additive effects when combined.MajorExtreme caution is advised if bupropion is administered with any substance that can reduce the seizure threshold, particularly in the elderly and in patients with a history of seizures or other risk factors for seizures (e.g., head trauma; brain tumor; severe hepatic cirrhosis; metabolic disorders; CNS infections; excessive use of alcohol or sedatives; addiction to opiates, cocaine, or stimulants; diabetes treated with oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin). Bupropion as well as concomitant medications should be initiated at the lower end of the dose range and titrated gradually if feasible. The total dose of bupropion should generally not exceed 450 mg/day (or 150 mg every other day in patients with severe hepatic cirrhosis). Bupropion should be discontinued and not restarted in patients who experience a seizure during treatment.PhenobarbitonePhenytoin (Na)Plasma concentration of Bupropion reduced by Phenytoin.Vortioxetineincreases the level of vortioxetinemoniotr closely, use alternative These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Interfrence
Risks
Drug should not be given to Paediatrics, Pregnant Mothers, and Neonates.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.
Storage
Tab Store at room temperature, Between 15°C-25°C. Protect from Sunlight and Moisture.
Warnings
It should be used with extreme caution in patient with a history of seizure disorders, with care in bipolar disorder or psychoses, pateint with a recent history of myocardial infarction or unstable heart disease (measure blood-pressure before and during treatment; hepatic (avoid in severe hepatic cirrhosis); renal impairment.
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