Cefoxitin

Cefoxitin is a second generation, semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic. Cephalosporins are derivatives of 7-aminocephalosporic acid and are closely related to penicillins in structure. Cephalosporins have a six membered sulfur containing ring adjoining a β lactam ring. Cefoxitin is effective against a wide variety of gram positive and gram negative organisms, with strong resistance to β lactamase. Cefoxitin is less effective against gram positive bacteria than first generation drugs. Antibiotics require constant drug level in body for therapeutic effect.This is achieved by taking the medication at regular interval of time throughout the day and night as prescribed. Cefoxitin is important to take the drug for the full time period as prescribed. If you discontinue the therapy, it may result in ineffective treatment.

Brands

EMIDOXIN

Adult Dose

Dose: 1 to 2 g
Single Dose: 1.5 (1.5)
Frequency: As recommended.
Route: IM
Instructions: May be given every 4-6 hrs.

Neonatal

Dose: 20 to 40 mg/kg
Single Dose: 30 (30)
Frequency: 12 hourly
Route: Intramuscular
Instructions:

Paedriatic

Dose: 20 to 25 mg/kg
Single Dose: 22 (22.5)
Frequency: 6 hourly
Route: Intra Muscular
Instructions: -

Characteristics

. It is of Semi Synthetic origin and belongs to Cephamycin C. It belongs to Peptidoglycan synthesis inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antibiotics pharmacological group.The Molecular Weight of Cefoxitin is 449.43. Its pKa is 3.5.

Contraindications

Cefoxitin is contraindicated in conditions like Colitis.

Effects

The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Cefoxitin, which give rise to further complications include Thrombocytopenia, Hemolytic anemia, Hemolytic anemia, Hypersensitivity reactions, Eosinophilia, Eosinophilia, Renal failure, Transient leucopenia, Neutropenia, Hemolytic anemia.Cefoxitin produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Pseudomembranous colitis, Anaphylactic reactions. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Cefoxitin therapy.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Cefoxitin are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Pseudomembranous colitis, Thrombophlebitis.

Indications

Cefoxitin is primarily indicated in conditions like Bone and joint infection, Endometritis, Female genital tract infection, Gonorrhoea, Intra-abdominal infections, Pelvic infections, Peritonitis, Persistant neutropenia in advanced hiv infection, Renal impairment, Respiratory tract infections, Septicaemia, Surgical infections, Surgical prophylaxis, Urinary tract infection.

Interactions

Cefoxitin is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:DrugDetailsSeverityOnsetManagementMezlocillinPiperacillin (Na)ProbenecidTicarcillin (di Na) These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.

Interfrence

False +ve reaction to glucose in urine. Falsely elevated values of Jaffe technique to determine creatinine concentration. false increased results in Porter-Silber reaction for 17-OH corticosteroid

Risks

Drug should not be given to Pregnant Mothers, and Cardiac / Hypertensive Patients.If prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.

Storage

Inj (reconstituted soln) Store at room temperature or refrigerator. Freezing is recommended. Use within 30 weeks if freezed, within 1 week (below 5°C) if refrigerated and within 24 hrs if kept at room temperature. Powder for Inj Store at room temperature, Below 30°C. Premix prefrozen Inj Store at room temperature or refrigerator. Freezing is recommended. Use within 21 days if refrigerated and within 24 hrs if kept at room temperature.

Warnings

Cefoxitin should be used with caution in patients with impaired kidney or liver function. Appropriate measure should be taken if secondary infection occurs.It should be given with caution in allergic reactions.

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